Friday, March 14, 2008
Short stars and their leggy loves
Some of Tinseltown’s tallest women cannot help but fall head over heels for some of the smallest stars around. The long and short of it is that for some Hollywood hotties size really does not matter and they are prepared to ditch their high heels for love. Despite his slight stature Tom Cruise has always had the knack for romancing sexy sky-scraping women like Nicole Kidman and Katie Holmes. And now it seems more and more miniature men are jumping on the big bandwagon and dating women who tower above them.
TOM CRUISE AND KATIE HOLMES
Tom Cruise - 5ft 7insKatie Holmes - 5ft 10insHeight difference - 3ins
Standing tall at 5ft 10ins Dawson’s Creek star Katie Holmes towers over husband Tom Cruise. But Katie has never appeared bothered by the difference in height until she appeared on the David Letterman chat show. Letterman poked fun at the height and age difference between her and then-boyfriend Tom Cruise. Brunette beauty Katie was stunned when cheeky Letterman asked, “You seem like, I’m guessing, maybe it’s possible... that you might be a little taller.” She told the chat show host, “I don’t know what you’re talking about.” Letterman replied: “I’m sitting here and I’m thinking Tom Cruise has got the loveliest woman in the world. How does that happen, for God’s sakes...? He’s shorter than you are,” before introducing a clip from her new movie. Holmes hit back, stating, “I think he’s sexy.” But TomKat caused even more of a stir when their wedding pictures were released and the Top Gun actor appeared to have grown four inches. Tom has a history of falling for taller women. His second wife, Nicole Kidman, was four inches taller than him. On the day their divorce was granted she famously exclaimed: “At least I can wear high heels now.”
Thursday, March 20, 2008
US judge asks India to pay up $42m tax
Hyderabad, March 19: Americans have always been known to be litigious, but exactly how much was brought home to India on Wednesday when a federal judge ruled that India owes $42.3 million to the New York City in property taxes. Along with India, the Philippines and Mongolia have also been caught by the long arm of the US law. The ruling released on Monday by Judge Jed S. Rakoff of the US District Court in Manhattan awards a total of $57 million in property taxes and accrued interest to the city from India, Philippines and Mongolia.
The case goes as far back as 2003, when the city filed a suit against the three countries arguing that property taxes need to be paid for non-diplomatic activities. This includes housing of low level staff. In case of Philippines, a bank branch and an airline office were also operating out of the premises. The three countries chose to argue the case, citing the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 generally kept the federal courts from hearing suits against foreign governments. However, the US Supreme Court recently ruled that tax issues are not subject to this law.
This isn’t the first occasion where a foreign government has been sued in a US court. Recently, oil major Exxon Mobil won a ruling against the government of Venezuela. This ruling allowed the company to freeze assets belonging to the South American nation to offset losses from a forced nationalisation. Almost five years ago, when the Russian government had moved against oil billionaire Mikhail Khodorkovsky, once Russia’s richest man, on fraud charges and sought to sell off his company, a stay in the US court threatened to stall the process.
However, the large numbers of lawsuits, which are sometimes frivolous, have also led to a backlash. In 1992, a 79-year-old woman spilt coffee on herself at a McDonald’s outlet. A local court awarded her a $2.9 million settlement. This inspired some wags to institute the ‘Stella’ awards, named after that lady, for wild, outrageous or sometimes ridiculous lawsuits. One suit that takes the cake is that of an American judge who sued a dry cleaner for $65 million for a pair of lost trousers. After an adverse ruling, the plaintiff brought this down to $54 million — to compensate for lost trousers, mental anguish and to help other dissatisfied consumers sue such businesses.
The case goes as far back as 2003, when the city filed a suit against the three countries arguing that property taxes need to be paid for non-diplomatic activities. This includes housing of low level staff. In case of Philippines, a bank branch and an airline office were also operating out of the premises. The three countries chose to argue the case, citing the Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 generally kept the federal courts from hearing suits against foreign governments. However, the US Supreme Court recently ruled that tax issues are not subject to this law.
This isn’t the first occasion where a foreign government has been sued in a US court. Recently, oil major Exxon Mobil won a ruling against the government of Venezuela. This ruling allowed the company to freeze assets belonging to the South American nation to offset losses from a forced nationalisation. Almost five years ago, when the Russian government had moved against oil billionaire Mikhail Khodorkovsky, once Russia’s richest man, on fraud charges and sought to sell off his company, a stay in the US court threatened to stall the process.
However, the large numbers of lawsuits, which are sometimes frivolous, have also led to a backlash. In 1992, a 79-year-old woman spilt coffee on herself at a McDonald’s outlet. A local court awarded her a $2.9 million settlement. This inspired some wags to institute the ‘Stella’ awards, named after that lady, for wild, outrageous or sometimes ridiculous lawsuits. One suit that takes the cake is that of an American judge who sued a dry cleaner for $65 million for a pair of lost trousers. After an adverse ruling, the plaintiff brought this down to $54 million — to compensate for lost trousers, mental anguish and to help other dissatisfied consumers sue such businesses.
India have very few off-spinners’
New Delhi, March 19: Former India coach Greg Chappell on Wednesday echoed chief selector Dilip Vengsarkar’s stand that the country did not have any extraordinary talent at the junior level. "There are a lot of talented youngsters in India but they are all on the same level... nothing extraordinary," Chappell said at a function to announce the winners of the Delhi leg of a Twenty20 Cricket Star talent hunt.
Of the 1,200 aspirants who turned up for the trials at the Jamia Milia Islamia university grounds in Delhi, Chappell zeroed in on just five — Naman Sharma from Ghaziabad, Gaurav Goel from Meerut, Abhishek Singh from Delhi, Bharat Awasthi from Kanpur and Ravindra Solanki from Bareilly — who will undergo a 10-day coaching camp starting March 21 at an academy in Jaipur under Chappell.
In all 24 players will be shortlisted from seven cities, with one of them getting a contract to play for the Rajasthan Royals team in the 2009 season of the Indian Premier League. Apart from them another 10-12 players will be taken in for a six-month coaching camp to be conducted by the Rajasthan Cricket Association.
The former Australian captain felt that heavier willows had brought about a sea change in the way youngsters played cricket. "I have seen a predominant tendency among youngsters to use heavier bats which means they will become more of bottom-handed players," Chappell said.
"This will make them push the ball more rather than a hit it." After visiting six cities and having taken a close look at about 4,000 aspiring cricketers along with his assistant Ian Fraser, the former bio-mechanist with the Indian team, Chappell found that India had very few off-spinners.
"Most of those we saw, interestingly, were left-arm finger spinners. There were very few off-spinners," he said.
Asked whether the Twenty20 format would result in more player burnout, Chappell said: "It all depends on a player’s agility and stamina. We will lay a lot of stress in our camps on enhancing the physical skills and adaptability of a player and would also try to make them stronger emotionally."
Fraser said Indian boys were physically less mature than their counterparts in the same age groups elsewhere.
"Diet is one important aspect. Physically they need more work. The body needs to stand up to the rigours of international sport," he said.
Of the 1,200 aspirants who turned up for the trials at the Jamia Milia Islamia university grounds in Delhi, Chappell zeroed in on just five — Naman Sharma from Ghaziabad, Gaurav Goel from Meerut, Abhishek Singh from Delhi, Bharat Awasthi from Kanpur and Ravindra Solanki from Bareilly — who will undergo a 10-day coaching camp starting March 21 at an academy in Jaipur under Chappell.
In all 24 players will be shortlisted from seven cities, with one of them getting a contract to play for the Rajasthan Royals team in the 2009 season of the Indian Premier League. Apart from them another 10-12 players will be taken in for a six-month coaching camp to be conducted by the Rajasthan Cricket Association.
The former Australian captain felt that heavier willows had brought about a sea change in the way youngsters played cricket. "I have seen a predominant tendency among youngsters to use heavier bats which means they will become more of bottom-handed players," Chappell said.
"This will make them push the ball more rather than a hit it." After visiting six cities and having taken a close look at about 4,000 aspiring cricketers along with his assistant Ian Fraser, the former bio-mechanist with the Indian team, Chappell found that India had very few off-spinners.
"Most of those we saw, interestingly, were left-arm finger spinners. There were very few off-spinners," he said.
Asked whether the Twenty20 format would result in more player burnout, Chappell said: "It all depends on a player’s agility and stamina. We will lay a lot of stress in our camps on enhancing the physical skills and adaptability of a player and would also try to make them stronger emotionally."
Fraser said Indian boys were physically less mature than their counterparts in the same age groups elsewhere.
"Diet is one important aspect. Physically they need more work. The body needs to stand up to the rigours of international sport," he said.
Sensex swings to Fed tunes
Mumbai, March 19: The euphoria of the interest rate cut of 75 basis points by the US Fed on Tuesday saw the stock markets open strong and the Sensex gained over 600 points. But the euphoria soon faded as investors booked profits and squared up ahead of the long weekend commencing on Thursday. Punters were also cautious to wind up some of their positions as next Thursday is the last day for settlement in the derivatives segment.
The markets shot up over 400 points on opening bell on cues from the overnight bounce back of the Dow and Nasdaq on the Fed’s rate cut and the surge in Asian stocks. The Sensex closed 161.4 points up at 14,994.8 while the Nifty gained 40.9 points at 4573.9. Only 374 stocks ended in the green and 874 in the red. The midcap and the smallcap indices were also down. The European markets all ended in the red between 0.2 and 1.9 per cent down.
The Dow and Nasdaq opened weak on Wednesday and were down at the time of writing this report. The Fed’s liberal cut in the rate at which bank’s borrow from the Fed does not seem to have inspired confidence. Analysts felt that this would provide a temporary reprieve as several banks are expected to declare their sub-prime losses not only in the US but in Europe.
The Fed’s cut while being widely welcomed has come in for criticism in some quarters for encouraging irresponsible sub-prime schemes by bailing the banks out. One US commentator said in the International Herald Tribune, "The biggest danger is the damage to the Fed’s credibility if it is seen as unwilling to let financial institutions face the consequences of their decisions. Central banks have long been sensitive to moral hazard, the danger that rescuing investors from their mistakes will encourage others to be more reckless in the future."
source: deccan chronicle daily news papaer
The markets shot up over 400 points on opening bell on cues from the overnight bounce back of the Dow and Nasdaq on the Fed’s rate cut and the surge in Asian stocks. The Sensex closed 161.4 points up at 14,994.8 while the Nifty gained 40.9 points at 4573.9. Only 374 stocks ended in the green and 874 in the red. The midcap and the smallcap indices were also down. The European markets all ended in the red between 0.2 and 1.9 per cent down.
The Dow and Nasdaq opened weak on Wednesday and were down at the time of writing this report. The Fed’s liberal cut in the rate at which bank’s borrow from the Fed does not seem to have inspired confidence. Analysts felt that this would provide a temporary reprieve as several banks are expected to declare their sub-prime losses not only in the US but in Europe.
The Fed’s cut while being widely welcomed has come in for criticism in some quarters for encouraging irresponsible sub-prime schemes by bailing the banks out. One US commentator said in the International Herald Tribune, "The biggest danger is the damage to the Fed’s credibility if it is seen as unwilling to let financial institutions face the consequences of their decisions. Central banks have long been sensitive to moral hazard, the danger that rescuing investors from their mistakes will encourage others to be more reckless in the future."
source: deccan chronicle daily news papaer
Recruitment of Management Trainees
requires
Management Trainees
CLICK HERE TO REGISTER ONLINE
Rectt. Advt. No.02/2008
Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, India’s first shore-based integrated Steel Plant, with a turnover of Rs.10,000 crores invites applications from dynamic and result oriented persons to join as Management Trainees for a challenging career with excellent growth opportunities.
Number of posts –
Management Trainee (Technical) – 150 (UR-115, SC-5, ST-25, OBC-5) – One post earmarked for PWD (Partially Deaf)
Disciplines:
§ Ceramics
§ Chemical
§ Civil
§ Computer Science/Information Technology
§ Electrical
§ Electronics & Telecommunications
§ Instrumentation
§ Mechanical/Production
§ Metallurgy
§ Mining
Management Trainee (Human Resources) – 11 (UR-6, SC-1, ST-2, OBC-2) - One post earmarked for PWD (Partially Blind)
Management Trainee (Materials Management) – 6 (UR-3, SC-1, ST-1, OBC-1) - One post earmarked for PWD (Partially Deaf)
ELIGIBILITY
Qualifications
Management Trainee (Technical): Full-time regular Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Technology from a recognized Indian University/ Institute in the disciplines of CERAMICS/ CHEMICAL/ CIVIL/ COMPUTER SCIENCE/ INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY/ ELECTRICAL/ ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATIONS/ INSTRUMENTATION/ MECHANICAL/ PRODUCTION/ METALLURGY/ MINING with minimum 60% of marks in the aggregate of all years/ semesters (50% in aggregate for SC/ST candidates). For Computer Science/IT discipline, those having Master of Computer Applications (MCA) (full-time three years’ course) from a recognized Indian University/ Institute with minimum 60% marks in the aggregate (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates) are also eligible.
Management Trainee (Human Resources) – Full-time regular Bachelor’s Degree from a recognized Indian University with minimum 60% marks in the aggregate of all years/semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates)
With
Two years full-time Post-Graduate Degree/ Diploma in Human Resource Management/ Personnel Management and Industrial Relations/ Labour Welfare or MBA from a recognized Indian University/ Institute with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/ semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates).
Note: Candidates with MBA qualifications should have specialization in HRM/ Personnel Management & Industrial Relations.
Management Trainee (Materials Management) –
a) Full time regular Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Technology from a recognised Indian University/Institute with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates)
OR
b) Full time regular Bachelor’s Degree from a recognised Indian University with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates)
With
Two years full-time regular MBA/ Post-Graduate Degree/Diploma in Industrial Management with specialization in Materials Management/Logistics Management from a recognized Indian University/ Institute with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/ semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates).
Final year students (for all posts):
Candidates appearing for their Final Year examination and expecting their results by 31st July, 2008 can also apply subject to passing the qualifying degree with specified percentage of marks at the time of joining.
Age: Born not earlier than February 1, 1983. Upper age limit is relaxable by 5 years for SC/ST, 3 years for OBC(non-creamy layer) and 10 years for PWD (Partially Deaf/ Partially Blind) candidates. Those domiciled in the state of Jammu & Kashmir from 1/1/80 to 31/12/89 will be allowed 5 years relaxation in upper age limit.
Health:
Candidates should be of sound health. Minimum requirements are: Height 150cms; Weight 45 kgs; Myopia and Hypermetropia, if any, not to exceed + 4.00D in each eye for Technical and + 6.00D for HR and MM disciplines. No squint and no colour blindness - partial or full for MT(Technical). No relaxation in these standards will be made. Candidates may ensure that they fulfil these standards before applying. Suitable relaxation in height & weight will be given to female candidates.
SELECTION :The selection process will consist of:-
Written Examination: Eligible registered candidates will have to appear for written test at designated center at their own expense. Written test will be held simultaneously at Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and Visakhapatnam. Candidates are required to choose one of the cities as Test Center and no change under any circumstances will be allowed subsequently. RINL however reserves the right to add/delete any center and allocate appropriate center to the candidate at its discretion. Written tests for all posts will be held simultaneously. In the written test, there will be no negative marking for wrong answers.
Likely date for written test is 1st June, 2008.
Group Discussion / Interview: Candidates shortlisted on the basis of their performance in the written test and requirement will be intimated to appear for Group Discussion/Interview at a later date.
TRAINING
Candidates selected as Management Trainee will be placed on training for one year.
EMOLUMENTS
Selected candidates will be offered a basic pay of Rs.10750/- p.m. in the scale of Rs.10750-300-16750 (E-1) with total emoluments of around Rs.23,000/-. On successful completion of training, they will be designated as Junior Managers in the same scale of pay. (Pay scales are under revision)
Besides pay, the post carries benefits of Industrial Dearness Allowance, Company House/HRA, Free Medical Benefits, LTC, Conveyance Allowance, Production Incentive, etc. and a superannuation package consisting of Gratuity, Contributory Provident Fund, contribution to Superannuation Benefit Fund, etc.
APPLICATION FEES:
§ Rs.500/- (Rupees Five Hundred) only. SC/ST/PWD(Partially Deaf/Partially Blind) candidates are exempted from this payment.
§ The candidates are required to deposit the amount with any of the Core Banking branches of State Bank of India to the credit of “Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited -Executive Recruitment Account”, Account No. 30333471832 and obtain a Journal Number provided by the branch of the bank.
§ The candidate is required to mention in the appropriate column on the online application form the details of SBI branch code, City, date of deposit and the Journal Number.
§ Application Fees can be deposited from 11.3.2008 to 29.3.2008.
§ Application fees once deposited into RINL’s account will not be refunded under any circumstances, even if the candidate is unable to apply on-line due to his own problems or due to being ineligible at the time of applying or on-line application is not accepted or due to internet failure or due to postal delay/loss.
§ Therefore, before depositing the fee amount the candidates should ensure that they meet the eligibility criteria.
§ The candidate should submit a self-attested photocopy of the counterfoil of the pay in slip for Application fees. At the bottom of the photocopy they have to indicate their Name, Registration no. and Discipline along with Code No. and name of the SBI branch in which the application fees have been deposited, date of deposit and Journal Number.
HOW TO APPLY: Eligible and interested candidates would be required to apply online only through RINL website www.vizagsteel.com . No other means/mode of application shall be accepted.
Starting date for online registration - 14th March, 2008.
Closing date for online registration - 29th March, 2008
Last date for receipt of Registration Slip – 5th April, 2008
Steps for Applying
STEP 1: Log on to www.vizagsteel.com and click on Recruitment of Management Trainees in Recruitment link.
STEP 2: Read CAREFULLY all the instructions given on the website.
STEP 3: Have the following readily available:
a) e-mail ID (WHICH MUST BE VALID FOR MINIMUM OF EIGHT MONTHS)
b) Deposit Journal number for payment of Application fees.
Applications will not be registered without the details of email id, Application Fees Deposit Journal Number, Deposit Branch Code no., City and date of deposit.
SC/ST/OBC(non-creamy layer)/ Physically Handicapped/J&K domiciled candidates are required to submit self-attested copy of relevant certificate.
STEP 4: Fill in the online form with all the relevant details and click SUBMIT.
STEP 5: After you click SUBMIT, download the system generated Registration Slip with unique registration number and other essential details with space for passport size photograph & signature. Take a print of the Registration Slip, affix and self-attest passport size color photograph, and sign at the space provided.
STEP 6: The Original Registration Slip, self-attested photocopy of the counterfoil of the pay in slip and self-attested copy of SC/ST/OBC/PWD/J&K domicile certificate(s) as the case may be, is to be sent by ORDINARY POST (since post box does not accept registered post) to Post Box No. 12026, Cossipore Post Office, Kolkata-700 002 so as to reach latest by 05.4.2008.
STEP 7: Please superscribe the envelope- “APPLICATION FOR THE POST of Management Trainee___________”.
STEP 8: The online registration site would be open from 14.3.2008 to 29.3.2008. All correspondence with the candidates shall be done through e-mail only. All information regarding examination schedule/admit card/interview call letters etc. shall be provided through e-mail/ to be downloaded from website. Responsibility of receiving/downloading and printing of admit card shall be of the candidate. RINL will not be responsible for any loss of e-mail sent, due to invalid/wrong e-mail ID provided by the candidate.
STEP 9: Candidates are advised to visit the website on 7th May, 2008 for further instructions on downloading of Admit Cards.
General Instructions:
Wherever CGPA/OGPA or letter grade in a degree is awarded, equivalent percentage of marks should be indicated in the application (online) as per norms adopted by University/ Institute.
Candidates employed in Govt. departments / PSUs / Autonomous Bodies have to produce NOC at the time of interview.
Registration Slips should not have any enclosure except the photocopy of pay in slip and SC/ST/OBC(non-creamy layer)/PH/J&K domicile certificate(s) as applicable.
Application fees must be deposited in RINL Account No. 30333471832 in any Core Banking branch of SBI and no other form of payment will be accepted.
RINL shall not be responsible for any postal delay/loss in transit. No request in this regard will be entertained.
Only original Registration Slip (no photocopy) shall be accepted.
In case of any overwriting or tampering of Registration Slip, the candidature of the candidate shall be rejected.
Candidates should retain a photocopy of Registration Slip and counterfoil of pay in slip of Application fees for future reference.
§ Candidates not depositing exact amount of Application fees will be rejected.
In case of any problem in filling up the Online Application, the candidate may contact on telephone no. 0891-2740405.
NOTE:
Depending on the requirement, the Company reserves the right to cancel/restrict/enlarge/curtail the recruitment process as well as the number of positions keeping in view the Plant’s needs without any further notice and without assigning any reason thereof.
The candidates are advised to ensure while applying that they fulfil the eligibility criteria and other requirements mentioned in this advertisement and that the particulars furnished by them are correct in all respects. In case it is detected at any stage of recruitment process that the candidate does not fulfil the eligibility criteria and/or does not comply with other requirements of this advertisement and/or he/she has furnished any incorrect/false information or has suppressed any material fact(s), his/her candidature is liable to be rejected. If any of the above shortcomings is/are detected, even after appointment, his/her services are liable to be terminated without any notice.
Candidates belonging to OBC category but not covered under ‘Non-Creamy Layer’ and thus, not entitled to OBC reservation, should indicate their category as ‘GENERAL’.
Candidates are advised to possess a valid e-mail ID, which is to be entered in the on-line Application Form. They are also advised to retain this e-mail ID active for at least next eight months. All important intimation to the candidates shall be provided by RINL through e-mail/this website regarding this recruitment process.
RINL reserves the right to reschedule the test date, venue, etc. depending upon the circumstances and the candidates are bound by the same.
Candidates are bound by the existing rules and regulations made for the purpose of selection and to be made in future by RINL as and when warranted.
Applicants should produce the required certificates in original in proof of Age, Caste, Qualification, etc. at the time of interview failing which their applications are liable to be rejected.
The health standards indicated above are minimum pre-requisites. However, appointment of selected candidates will be subject to their passing the Company’s Medical Examination as per standards laid down under Company’s Policy.
The Company reserves the right to reject any application without assigning any reason whatsoever.
The decision of RINL/VSP in all matters relating to eligibility, acceptance, rejection of the application, issue of call letters, mode of selection, conduct of written examination, allotment of examination centres, interview, verification of testimonials and selection will be final and binding on the candidates and no enquiry or correspondence will be entertained in this connection.
Canvassing in any form shall disqualify the candidature.
In case of any dispute, the case shall be settled in the Courts of Visakhapatnam Jurisdiction only.
CLICK HERE TO REGISTER ONLINE
Management Trainees
CLICK HERE TO REGISTER ONLINE
Rectt. Advt. No.02/2008
Visakhapatnam Steel Plant, India’s first shore-based integrated Steel Plant, with a turnover of Rs.10,000 crores invites applications from dynamic and result oriented persons to join as Management Trainees for a challenging career with excellent growth opportunities.
Number of posts –
Management Trainee (Technical) – 150 (UR-115, SC-5, ST-25, OBC-5) – One post earmarked for PWD (Partially Deaf)
Disciplines:
§ Ceramics
§ Chemical
§ Civil
§ Computer Science/Information Technology
§ Electrical
§ Electronics & Telecommunications
§ Instrumentation
§ Mechanical/Production
§ Metallurgy
§ Mining
Management Trainee (Human Resources) – 11 (UR-6, SC-1, ST-2, OBC-2) - One post earmarked for PWD (Partially Blind)
Management Trainee (Materials Management) – 6 (UR-3, SC-1, ST-1, OBC-1) - One post earmarked for PWD (Partially Deaf)
ELIGIBILITY
Qualifications
Management Trainee (Technical): Full-time regular Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Technology from a recognized Indian University/ Institute in the disciplines of CERAMICS/ CHEMICAL/ CIVIL/ COMPUTER SCIENCE/ INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY/ ELECTRICAL/ ELECTRONICS & TELECOMMUNICATIONS/ INSTRUMENTATION/ MECHANICAL/ PRODUCTION/ METALLURGY/ MINING with minimum 60% of marks in the aggregate of all years/ semesters (50% in aggregate for SC/ST candidates). For Computer Science/IT discipline, those having Master of Computer Applications (MCA) (full-time three years’ course) from a recognized Indian University/ Institute with minimum 60% marks in the aggregate (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates) are also eligible.
Management Trainee (Human Resources) – Full-time regular Bachelor’s Degree from a recognized Indian University with minimum 60% marks in the aggregate of all years/semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates)
With
Two years full-time Post-Graduate Degree/ Diploma in Human Resource Management/ Personnel Management and Industrial Relations/ Labour Welfare or MBA from a recognized Indian University/ Institute with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/ semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates).
Note: Candidates with MBA qualifications should have specialization in HRM/ Personnel Management & Industrial Relations.
Management Trainee (Materials Management) –
a) Full time regular Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Technology from a recognised Indian University/Institute with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates)
OR
b) Full time regular Bachelor’s Degree from a recognised Indian University with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates)
With
Two years full-time regular MBA/ Post-Graduate Degree/Diploma in Industrial Management with specialization in Materials Management/Logistics Management from a recognized Indian University/ Institute with minimum 60% marks in aggregate of all years/ semesters (50% marks in aggregate for SC/ST candidates).
Final year students (for all posts):
Candidates appearing for their Final Year examination and expecting their results by 31st July, 2008 can also apply subject to passing the qualifying degree with specified percentage of marks at the time of joining.
Age: Born not earlier than February 1, 1983. Upper age limit is relaxable by 5 years for SC/ST, 3 years for OBC(non-creamy layer) and 10 years for PWD (Partially Deaf/ Partially Blind) candidates. Those domiciled in the state of Jammu & Kashmir from 1/1/80 to 31/12/89 will be allowed 5 years relaxation in upper age limit.
Health:
Candidates should be of sound health. Minimum requirements are: Height 150cms; Weight 45 kgs; Myopia and Hypermetropia, if any, not to exceed + 4.00D in each eye for Technical and + 6.00D for HR and MM disciplines. No squint and no colour blindness - partial or full for MT(Technical). No relaxation in these standards will be made. Candidates may ensure that they fulfil these standards before applying. Suitable relaxation in height & weight will be given to female candidates.
SELECTION :The selection process will consist of:-
Written Examination: Eligible registered candidates will have to appear for written test at designated center at their own expense. Written test will be held simultaneously at Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Mumbai and Visakhapatnam. Candidates are required to choose one of the cities as Test Center and no change under any circumstances will be allowed subsequently. RINL however reserves the right to add/delete any center and allocate appropriate center to the candidate at its discretion. Written tests for all posts will be held simultaneously. In the written test, there will be no negative marking for wrong answers.
Likely date for written test is 1st June, 2008.
Group Discussion / Interview: Candidates shortlisted on the basis of their performance in the written test and requirement will be intimated to appear for Group Discussion/Interview at a later date.
TRAINING
Candidates selected as Management Trainee will be placed on training for one year.
EMOLUMENTS
Selected candidates will be offered a basic pay of Rs.10750/- p.m. in the scale of Rs.10750-300-16750 (E-1) with total emoluments of around Rs.23,000/-. On successful completion of training, they will be designated as Junior Managers in the same scale of pay. (Pay scales are under revision)
Besides pay, the post carries benefits of Industrial Dearness Allowance, Company House/HRA, Free Medical Benefits, LTC, Conveyance Allowance, Production Incentive, etc. and a superannuation package consisting of Gratuity, Contributory Provident Fund, contribution to Superannuation Benefit Fund, etc.
APPLICATION FEES:
§ Rs.500/- (Rupees Five Hundred) only. SC/ST/PWD(Partially Deaf/Partially Blind) candidates are exempted from this payment.
§ The candidates are required to deposit the amount with any of the Core Banking branches of State Bank of India to the credit of “Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited -Executive Recruitment Account”, Account No. 30333471832 and obtain a Journal Number provided by the branch of the bank.
§ The candidate is required to mention in the appropriate column on the online application form the details of SBI branch code, City, date of deposit and the Journal Number.
§ Application Fees can be deposited from 11.3.2008 to 29.3.2008.
§ Application fees once deposited into RINL’s account will not be refunded under any circumstances, even if the candidate is unable to apply on-line due to his own problems or due to being ineligible at the time of applying or on-line application is not accepted or due to internet failure or due to postal delay/loss.
§ Therefore, before depositing the fee amount the candidates should ensure that they meet the eligibility criteria.
§ The candidate should submit a self-attested photocopy of the counterfoil of the pay in slip for Application fees. At the bottom of the photocopy they have to indicate their Name, Registration no. and Discipline along with Code No. and name of the SBI branch in which the application fees have been deposited, date of deposit and Journal Number.
HOW TO APPLY: Eligible and interested candidates would be required to apply online only through RINL website www.vizagsteel.com . No other means/mode of application shall be accepted.
Starting date for online registration - 14th March, 2008.
Closing date for online registration - 29th March, 2008
Last date for receipt of Registration Slip – 5th April, 2008
Steps for Applying
STEP 1: Log on to www.vizagsteel.com and click on Recruitment of Management Trainees in Recruitment link.
STEP 2: Read CAREFULLY all the instructions given on the website.
STEP 3: Have the following readily available:
a) e-mail ID (WHICH MUST BE VALID FOR MINIMUM OF EIGHT MONTHS)
b) Deposit Journal number for payment of Application fees.
Applications will not be registered without the details of email id, Application Fees Deposit Journal Number, Deposit Branch Code no., City and date of deposit.
SC/ST/OBC(non-creamy layer)/ Physically Handicapped/J&K domiciled candidates are required to submit self-attested copy of relevant certificate.
STEP 4: Fill in the online form with all the relevant details and click SUBMIT.
STEP 5: After you click SUBMIT, download the system generated Registration Slip with unique registration number and other essential details with space for passport size photograph & signature. Take a print of the Registration Slip, affix and self-attest passport size color photograph, and sign at the space provided.
STEP 6: The Original Registration Slip, self-attested photocopy of the counterfoil of the pay in slip and self-attested copy of SC/ST/OBC/PWD/J&K domicile certificate(s) as the case may be, is to be sent by ORDINARY POST (since post box does not accept registered post) to Post Box No. 12026, Cossipore Post Office, Kolkata-700 002 so as to reach latest by 05.4.2008.
STEP 7: Please superscribe the envelope- “APPLICATION FOR THE POST of Management Trainee___________”.
STEP 8: The online registration site would be open from 14.3.2008 to 29.3.2008. All correspondence with the candidates shall be done through e-mail only. All information regarding examination schedule/admit card/interview call letters etc. shall be provided through e-mail/ to be downloaded from website. Responsibility of receiving/downloading and printing of admit card shall be of the candidate. RINL will not be responsible for any loss of e-mail sent, due to invalid/wrong e-mail ID provided by the candidate.
STEP 9: Candidates are advised to visit the website on 7th May, 2008 for further instructions on downloading of Admit Cards.
General Instructions:
Wherever CGPA/OGPA or letter grade in a degree is awarded, equivalent percentage of marks should be indicated in the application (online) as per norms adopted by University/ Institute.
Candidates employed in Govt. departments / PSUs / Autonomous Bodies have to produce NOC at the time of interview.
Registration Slips should not have any enclosure except the photocopy of pay in slip and SC/ST/OBC(non-creamy layer)/PH/J&K domicile certificate(s) as applicable.
Application fees must be deposited in RINL Account No. 30333471832 in any Core Banking branch of SBI and no other form of payment will be accepted.
RINL shall not be responsible for any postal delay/loss in transit. No request in this regard will be entertained.
Only original Registration Slip (no photocopy) shall be accepted.
In case of any overwriting or tampering of Registration Slip, the candidature of the candidate shall be rejected.
Candidates should retain a photocopy of Registration Slip and counterfoil of pay in slip of Application fees for future reference.
§ Candidates not depositing exact amount of Application fees will be rejected.
In case of any problem in filling up the Online Application, the candidate may contact on telephone no. 0891-2740405.
NOTE:
Depending on the requirement, the Company reserves the right to cancel/restrict/enlarge/curtail the recruitment process as well as the number of positions keeping in view the Plant’s needs without any further notice and without assigning any reason thereof.
The candidates are advised to ensure while applying that they fulfil the eligibility criteria and other requirements mentioned in this advertisement and that the particulars furnished by them are correct in all respects. In case it is detected at any stage of recruitment process that the candidate does not fulfil the eligibility criteria and/or does not comply with other requirements of this advertisement and/or he/she has furnished any incorrect/false information or has suppressed any material fact(s), his/her candidature is liable to be rejected. If any of the above shortcomings is/are detected, even after appointment, his/her services are liable to be terminated without any notice.
Candidates belonging to OBC category but not covered under ‘Non-Creamy Layer’ and thus, not entitled to OBC reservation, should indicate their category as ‘GENERAL’.
Candidates are advised to possess a valid e-mail ID, which is to be entered in the on-line Application Form. They are also advised to retain this e-mail ID active for at least next eight months. All important intimation to the candidates shall be provided by RINL through e-mail/this website regarding this recruitment process.
RINL reserves the right to reschedule the test date, venue, etc. depending upon the circumstances and the candidates are bound by the same.
Candidates are bound by the existing rules and regulations made for the purpose of selection and to be made in future by RINL as and when warranted.
Applicants should produce the required certificates in original in proof of Age, Caste, Qualification, etc. at the time of interview failing which their applications are liable to be rejected.
The health standards indicated above are minimum pre-requisites. However, appointment of selected candidates will be subject to their passing the Company’s Medical Examination as per standards laid down under Company’s Policy.
The Company reserves the right to reject any application without assigning any reason whatsoever.
The decision of RINL/VSP in all matters relating to eligibility, acceptance, rejection of the application, issue of call letters, mode of selection, conduct of written examination, allotment of examination centres, interview, verification of testimonials and selection will be final and binding on the candidates and no enquiry or correspondence will be entertained in this connection.
Canvassing in any form shall disqualify the candidature.
In case of any dispute, the case shall be settled in the Courts of Visakhapatnam Jurisdiction only.
CLICK HERE TO REGISTER ONLINE
Tuesday, March 18, 2008
10 Tips You Should Know Before Buying A Used Motorcycle
10 Tips You Should Know Before Buying A Used Motorcycle by: Timothy Rudon
Motorcycles are what everyone desires. If you are considering buying a used motorcycle you will need to be savvy so that you do not get taken for a ride. Not all used motorcycles are equal. So before you pay make sure the bike you are buying is the best in its category. Used motorcycles can be bought from family and friends, online stores, dealers, classifieds in newspapers and more. While buying a known motorcycle is your best option sometimes you may need to buy from unknown sources. Do your research well. Surf the internet and read articles and tips on bikes and what to look for when buying a motorbike. Visit a few dealers and online motorbike websites to see what is on sale in the used motorbike category. In case you are nervy take the help of an auto professional. Find out what the price is for used motorbikes this will give you an idea of brands and price range. Before you decide on the bike consider: 1. Making a thorough inspection. Check for damage and scratches as well as bends and repair signs. 2. Study the different motorbike models and know what inherent flaws are. 3. Ask whether the bike has been raced and how many owners it has had. 4. Check the lines of the bike and the brake and clutch for smooth operation. 5. Rev the engine and listen to what it has to say. If you are tone deaf take along a biker friend. 6. Check the bike for signs of rust and paint flaking. 7. Check the wheel and tires for wear and tear. 8. Study the service records carefully. 9. Ask pertinent questions to know how the bike has been used and whether the owner takes pride in his bike. Judge whether the owner is being honest about the bikes accident free status and performance. 10. An owner who loves his bike will talk about it clearly and try and judge whether you will care for his old friend. Always make sure no modifications were done and that the service and maintenance were done by an authorized dealer with genuine parts. Never buy the first bike you see. Buying a bike is like looking for an ever elusive pearl. Take your time and you will get a bike that will give trouble free rides. Always ask for a test ride and go through the papers to check there are no insurance or loan amounts pending. Read through sites like http://www.clarity.net/~adam/buying-bike.html where in depth articles are given for buyers of second hand motorbikes. Study the bike not once but twice or even thrice before making a decision. Make sure you feel comfortable when seated on the bike. Motorbikes are like horses the owner and the motorbike must both feel as though they are one entity.
About The Author
Timothy Rudon is a writer for http://www.1855motorcycles.com , the premier website to find motorcycles, motorcycle parts, used motorcycles, motorcycle accessories, motorcycles for sale, motorcycle insurance, electric motorcycle, and many more.
Motorcycles are what everyone desires. If you are considering buying a used motorcycle you will need to be savvy so that you do not get taken for a ride. Not all used motorcycles are equal. So before you pay make sure the bike you are buying is the best in its category. Used motorcycles can be bought from family and friends, online stores, dealers, classifieds in newspapers and more. While buying a known motorcycle is your best option sometimes you may need to buy from unknown sources. Do your research well. Surf the internet and read articles and tips on bikes and what to look for when buying a motorbike. Visit a few dealers and online motorbike websites to see what is on sale in the used motorbike category. In case you are nervy take the help of an auto professional. Find out what the price is for used motorbikes this will give you an idea of brands and price range. Before you decide on the bike consider: 1. Making a thorough inspection. Check for damage and scratches as well as bends and repair signs. 2. Study the different motorbike models and know what inherent flaws are. 3. Ask whether the bike has been raced and how many owners it has had. 4. Check the lines of the bike and the brake and clutch for smooth operation. 5. Rev the engine and listen to what it has to say. If you are tone deaf take along a biker friend. 6. Check the bike for signs of rust and paint flaking. 7. Check the wheel and tires for wear and tear. 8. Study the service records carefully. 9. Ask pertinent questions to know how the bike has been used and whether the owner takes pride in his bike. Judge whether the owner is being honest about the bikes accident free status and performance. 10. An owner who loves his bike will talk about it clearly and try and judge whether you will care for his old friend. Always make sure no modifications were done and that the service and maintenance were done by an authorized dealer with genuine parts. Never buy the first bike you see. Buying a bike is like looking for an ever elusive pearl. Take your time and you will get a bike that will give trouble free rides. Always ask for a test ride and go through the papers to check there are no insurance or loan amounts pending. Read through sites like http://www.clarity.net/~adam/buying-bike.html where in depth articles are given for buyers of second hand motorbikes. Study the bike not once but twice or even thrice before making a decision. Make sure you feel comfortable when seated on the bike. Motorbikes are like horses the owner and the motorbike must both feel as though they are one entity.
About The Author
Timothy Rudon is a writer for http://www.1855motorcycles.com , the premier website to find motorcycles, motorcycle parts, used motorcycles, motorcycle accessories, motorcycles for sale, motorcycle insurance, electric motorcycle, and many more.
10 Great Tips For Buying Car Tires Online
10 Great Tips For Buying Car Tires Online by: Timothy Rudon
Cars need tires and it is best to buy new tires. The key is to get high quality car tires at low prices. The market online and offline is filled with a huge variety of tires. Choose tires with care and get a set of tires that are most suited to your car. The first step in buying car tires is to follow recommendations made by the car manufacturer. Unless you are an auto mechanic or formula one car racer what the manufacturer recommends as suitable tires for the car are the best choice. 1. Get all the parameters right. From the side of the tires or your car manual jot down : vehicle application; tire width; aspect ratio; radial designation; wheel diameter; load index; speed rating; DOT; ply construction; load and pressure limits; tread wear and traction ratings. 2. Be smart shop around for the best deal locally as well as online. 3. Check aspects like factory warranties and shop guarantees before paying for the tires. 4. Know which features are important and find tires that will give you safety, longevity, and peace of mind. 5. Find out if you are buying online how the tires will be delivered to you, who will mount and balance the tires. Many online sites offer tires for great rates but you will have to pay for shipping as well as for a mechanic to fit the tires. So well before buying check out the instructions on the website and find out exactly how much it will cost to get new tires fixed on the car. 6. While many recommend buying refurbished tires in the long run new tires will stand you in good stead. While you may save money on purchase the wear and tear will be quicker. 7. Most people buy all season tires but in case you live in a snow bound or very wet region you may need special car tires for specific seasons. If in doubt consult an automotive expert. 8. Check whether the tires you are considering buying are for passenger vehicles and radial. Tubeless tires are great for urban roads that are well maintained. 9. Always get the tires fitted by an expert and ensure that balancing is done. Ask about how to prevent new tire wear and tear by rotating the tires/wheels. 10. Always replace tires in pairs. It is best to replace all four but in case of budget constrains then do the needful two at a time. The front wheels first followed by the back wheels. Never replace one in the front and the other at the back. Read up about tires on the internet. When in doubt ask the manufacturer. If you care for your car and its tires then the car will serve you well.
Cars need tires and it is best to buy new tires. The key is to get high quality car tires at low prices. The market online and offline is filled with a huge variety of tires. Choose tires with care and get a set of tires that are most suited to your car. The first step in buying car tires is to follow recommendations made by the car manufacturer. Unless you are an auto mechanic or formula one car racer what the manufacturer recommends as suitable tires for the car are the best choice. 1. Get all the parameters right. From the side of the tires or your car manual jot down : vehicle application; tire width; aspect ratio; radial designation; wheel diameter; load index; speed rating; DOT; ply construction; load and pressure limits; tread wear and traction ratings. 2. Be smart shop around for the best deal locally as well as online. 3. Check aspects like factory warranties and shop guarantees before paying for the tires. 4. Know which features are important and find tires that will give you safety, longevity, and peace of mind. 5. Find out if you are buying online how the tires will be delivered to you, who will mount and balance the tires. Many online sites offer tires for great rates but you will have to pay for shipping as well as for a mechanic to fit the tires. So well before buying check out the instructions on the website and find out exactly how much it will cost to get new tires fixed on the car. 6. While many recommend buying refurbished tires in the long run new tires will stand you in good stead. While you may save money on purchase the wear and tear will be quicker. 7. Most people buy all season tires but in case you live in a snow bound or very wet region you may need special car tires for specific seasons. If in doubt consult an automotive expert. 8. Check whether the tires you are considering buying are for passenger vehicles and radial. Tubeless tires are great for urban roads that are well maintained. 9. Always get the tires fitted by an expert and ensure that balancing is done. Ask about how to prevent new tire wear and tear by rotating the tires/wheels. 10. Always replace tires in pairs. It is best to replace all four but in case of budget constrains then do the needful two at a time. The front wheels first followed by the back wheels. Never replace one in the front and the other at the back. Read up about tires on the internet. When in doubt ask the manufacturer. If you care for your car and its tires then the car will serve you well.
Ayurvedic Management of HIV/AIDS
Ayurvedic Management of HIV/AIDS by: Dr AbdulMubeen A Mundewadi
At present, there is no scientifically proved cure for HIV /AIDS. Globally, the number of infected HIV /AIDS patients is increasing at an alarming rate; with a current estimate of 33.2 million people who are living with HIV 1. Hence, there is a dire need to search for a safe, effective and economical treatment for HIV /AIDS. In a retrospective study in 55 patients, Ayurvedic treatment has proved to be very promising in the management of HIV/AIDS. Fifty-Five adult patients were given Ayurvedic treatment for HIV/AIDS, during the period from April 1999 to November 2004.Each patient had tested positive for HIV/AIDS on at least 2 different occasions. No patient was taking anti-retroviral drugs at the time of commencing Ayurvedic treatment. All patients were started on treatment after written, informed consent. The Ayurvedic Herbal Combination ( AHC ) comprises of eleven different herbs in different dosage strengths, based upon their respective potencies, reported anti-viral and immunomodulatory properties, and their traditional usage according to Ayurvedic principles of medicine 2 -4 .The constituents of AHC with their respective dosages are as follows:-Terminalia arjuna: 250 mg. ;Zinziber officinale: 250 mg. ;Phyllanthus niruri :1 gm ;Glycyrrhiza glabra:1gm. ;Withania somnifera:1gm. ;Eclipta alba: 250mg. ;Centella asiatica: 250mg. ;Boerhavia diffusa: 250mg. ;Emblica officinalis: 250mg. ;Tinospora cordifolia: 250mg. ;Rubia cordifolia: 250mg. This AHC was dispensed in a combined dose of 5 gms. t.i.d., to be taken with water after meals. Aqueous herbal extracts of all the medicines were used, in tablet form. All patients were advised to eat a well-balanced, nutritious diet. Therapeutic counseling sessions were conducted regularly to help the patients achieve mind relaxation, to modify their risk behavior , and to increase adherence and compliance to therapy. All patients were followed up at monthly intervals. Detailed clinical examination was done at each visit and significant findings were recorded. In addition, in affording and willing patients, investigations like CBC, Hb, Liver and Renal functions, X-Ray of chest, Western Blot, CD4 count and Viral Load were done wherever possible. Other investigations were done, if required, for Opportunistic Infections (O.I.).All O.I. were promptly and aggressively treated with modern medicines. A close watch was kept for adverse reactions of the drugs. Therapeutic outcome was assessed by overall clinical examination, change in Karnofsky score (assessment for overall well-being of patients), change in weight, occurrence and response to O.I., and change in CD4 and Viral Load values. Maximum number of patients was in the age ranging from 20 - 39 years (80 %). Of the total number of 55 patients, 39 were male (71 % ) and 16 were female (29 %), with the male: female ratio being 2.4: 1. There were 7 couples who took treatment together. Of the 55 patients, 5 patients died, 42 patients took treatment for varying periods and then stopped treatment, while 8 patients continued treatment till the end of the study period. The 5 patients who died were critically ill at the time of presentation, and died mostly within the first two months of starting Ayurvedic treatment. The cause of death varied ; 1 patient died from cirrhosis of the liver, 3 died of extensive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (multi-drug resistant) and 1 died of a combination of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and demyelination disease of the brain. In the 50 patients who were alive till the time of their last follow-up , there was an average weight-gain of 2.3 kgs.(range = - 4 to + 7.5 kgs), usually within the first 3 months. In those patients who took continuous treatment for more than 3 months, the Karnofsky score increased from an average of 75.9 at the commencement of treatment to 87.4 at the last follow-up. Almost all the patients had 1-3 O.I. at the time of presentation. Other than Tuberculosis, all the O.I. cleared up rapidly within the first 2 months of treatment. Long-term administration of Ayurvedic medicines (upto 30 months) did not seem to have any major adverse effects. In fact, in a few patients, the tests for liver and renal function appeared to normalize further, with treatment. Haemoglobin readings gradually improved in those patients taking regular, prolonged treatment.The most striking effect of the Ayurvedic medicines was on the Viral Load and CD4 counts. Because of financial constraints, only 15 patients (27 % ) agreed to do either the Viral Load or the CD4 count, or both. In most patients, there was a definite and steady decrease in the Viral Load, and an increase in the CD4 cell counts. Antiretroviral medicines are the mainstay in the modern treatment of HIV/AIDS. However, a plethora of side-effects, development of resistance to drugs and escalating treatment costs are serious concerns. In the absence of a definite cure for HIV/AIDS, Ayurvedic medicines may provide a useful alternative for long-term management of patients, since these medicines are economical and devoid of serious side-effects. However, scientific research is necessary to determine efficacy of these medicines. This retrospective study is one such effort to assess long-term therapeutic effects of an Ayurvedic Herbal Combination in the management of HIV /AIDS. In this study, 4 patients died within the first 2 months of commencing treatment. Onset of therapeutic effect is slow with Ayurvedic medicines, and these patients probably could not benefit from Ayurvedic treatment. This emphasizes the need to start treatment as early as possible in immuno-compromised patients. The causes of death indicate that Tuberculosis and CNS involvement are major killers in HIV patients. Multi-drug resistance to Tuberculosis is also a major concern. 16 patients ( 29% ) did not come back after just one ( 11% ) or two ( 18% ) visits. The reasons cited were, a complete inability to pay for treatment, or a search for a ‘better’ or a ‘guarenteed cure’. Fortunately, perceptions have changed in the last few years. Even illiterate patients from the lower socio-economic strata are no longer asking for a ‘guarantee’ or a ‘cure’. ‘Long-term management with minimum expenses’ is a mantra being readily accepted by the HIV positive patient of today. All the patients who took medicines regularly, had a high-protein diet and kept themselves busy, improved very well and put on weight. Even 2 to 3 years after stopping Ayurvedic treatment, most of the patients are doing very well, some inspite of very low CD4 counts. This is probably one of the biggest long-term advantages of taking Ayurvedic medicines for HIV /AIDS. However, patients with socio-economic difficulties and a lot of psychological pressure who could not have access to regular treatment, started losing weight after initially improving with treatment. A comprehensive management of each patient thus needs to address several issues relevant to each individual patient. This study also brought forth some interesting results. One patient who subsequently died, had severe demyelinating disease of the brain (as diagnosed in a major hospital), and had lost most of his motor control and sensory senses, since several months. After being given Ayurvedic treatment for about 1 ½ months he became alert, and could speak clearly, albeit temporarily, for 1 week. Another patient with Nephrotic syndrome resulting in long-standing generalized oedema (2 years ) had complete regression of the oedema after 2 months of Ayurvedic treatment without any other treatment. One HIV positive patient with suspected malignancy of lung in the right upper lobe was steadily losing weight. After starting Ayurvedic treatment, he started putting on weight. Another patient with history suggestive of HIV Encephalopathy was semi-conscious at presentation. He was passively fed on liquid diet and a combination of both modern drugs and Ayurvedic treatment. This patient be! came ambulatory within 2 weeks, and after 2 months of treatment he was faring well, even with a CD4 count of just 6.The above 4 instances indicate that the Ayurvedic medicines may have multi-faceted properties and need further evaluation. Thus,the retrospective study of 55 HIV positive adult patients treated with an Ayurvedic Herbal combination from April 1999 to November 2004 proved the Ayurvedic medicines to be highly effective as anti-viral and immuno-stimulant,and safe on long-term use. A nutritious diet, Ayurvedic baseline therapy, timely allopathic treatment of Opportunistic Infections and regular counseling support appears to be an ideal combination in the management of HIV/ AIDS patients. References 1. UNAIDS. Global Summary of the AIDS Epidemic. Update December 2007. 2. Foundation for Integrative AIDS Research. Potential Anti- HIV Herbs. 15/9/2002. 3. Sharma P.V. Vegetable Drugs. Vol. II. IV Edition. Chaukhamba Publications.1978. 4. Dahanukar S A, Kulkarni R A, Rege N N. Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2000; 32: S81 - S118.
About The Author
Dr. A. A. Mundewadi is Chief Ayurvedic Physician at Mundewadi Ayurvedic Clinic based at Thane, Maharashtra, India. He is available as an online Ayurvedic Consultant at http://www.ayurvedaphysician.com and can be contacted at info@ayurvedaphysician.com Dr. A. A. Mundewadi, B.A.M.S., is a practicing Ayurvedic physician since the last 22 years. He is a graduate of R. A. Podar Medical (Ayurvedic ) College, Worli, Mumbai, India. During this period of 22 years, he has obtained considerable experience in the clinical treatment of a vast array of patients. Ayurveda , basically means, a “ Science of Life”, and involves maintaining the health of healthy persons, and treating sick patients. Dr. Mundewadi has studied and experienced extensively all the principles of Ayurveda , involving a healthy life-style, diet regimes, body-cleansing through panch-karma procedures, and treatment with herbal and herbo-mineral compounds. In addition to his background in Ayurveda, Dr. Mundewadi has also studied the therapeutic effects of Reiki( he is a 3rd degree Reiki Master), Acupuncture ( he has done a basic and an advanced course in Acupuncture), Hypnotherapy and Magnetotherapy. His current style of clinical practice is a culmination of his experience with all these different treatment modalities. Dr. Mundewadi has been doing clinical research work since the last 9 years. He has published his findings of herbal treatment of HIV / AIDS in 55 patients in the Bombay Hospital Journal, Mumbai, India, July 2005 issue,which can be viewed at www.bhj.org/journal/2005_4703_july.html/original_aretrisoective_255.htm . He has also successfully completed a clinical trial of herbal extract medicines in Schizophrenia compared to modern anti-psychotics, in 200 patients( See www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00483964 ). He has also conducted preliminary studies of Ayurvedic herbal extracts in the treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Vascular Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Mental Retardation, and Tobacco and Alcohol Dependence. He also has a special interest in the herbal treatment of Age Related Macular Degeneration and different types of Cancer. Copyright Clause: This article may be reproduced with full acknowledgement of the author's name and contact(url and E-mail) details.
At present, there is no scientifically proved cure for HIV /AIDS. Globally, the number of infected HIV /AIDS patients is increasing at an alarming rate; with a current estimate of 33.2 million people who are living with HIV 1. Hence, there is a dire need to search for a safe, effective and economical treatment for HIV /AIDS. In a retrospective study in 55 patients, Ayurvedic treatment has proved to be very promising in the management of HIV/AIDS. Fifty-Five adult patients were given Ayurvedic treatment for HIV/AIDS, during the period from April 1999 to November 2004.Each patient had tested positive for HIV/AIDS on at least 2 different occasions. No patient was taking anti-retroviral drugs at the time of commencing Ayurvedic treatment. All patients were started on treatment after written, informed consent. The Ayurvedic Herbal Combination ( AHC ) comprises of eleven different herbs in different dosage strengths, based upon their respective potencies, reported anti-viral and immunomodulatory properties, and their traditional usage according to Ayurvedic principles of medicine 2 -4 .The constituents of AHC with their respective dosages are as follows:-Terminalia arjuna: 250 mg. ;Zinziber officinale: 250 mg. ;Phyllanthus niruri :1 gm ;Glycyrrhiza glabra:1gm. ;Withania somnifera:1gm. ;Eclipta alba: 250mg. ;Centella asiatica: 250mg. ;Boerhavia diffusa: 250mg. ;Emblica officinalis: 250mg. ;Tinospora cordifolia: 250mg. ;Rubia cordifolia: 250mg. This AHC was dispensed in a combined dose of 5 gms. t.i.d., to be taken with water after meals. Aqueous herbal extracts of all the medicines were used, in tablet form. All patients were advised to eat a well-balanced, nutritious diet. Therapeutic counseling sessions were conducted regularly to help the patients achieve mind relaxation, to modify their risk behavior , and to increase adherence and compliance to therapy. All patients were followed up at monthly intervals. Detailed clinical examination was done at each visit and significant findings were recorded. In addition, in affording and willing patients, investigations like CBC, Hb, Liver and Renal functions, X-Ray of chest, Western Blot, CD4 count and Viral Load were done wherever possible. Other investigations were done, if required, for Opportunistic Infections (O.I.).All O.I. were promptly and aggressively treated with modern medicines. A close watch was kept for adverse reactions of the drugs. Therapeutic outcome was assessed by overall clinical examination, change in Karnofsky score (assessment for overall well-being of patients), change in weight, occurrence and response to O.I., and change in CD4 and Viral Load values. Maximum number of patients was in the age ranging from 20 - 39 years (80 %). Of the total number of 55 patients, 39 were male (71 % ) and 16 were female (29 %), with the male: female ratio being 2.4: 1. There were 7 couples who took treatment together. Of the 55 patients, 5 patients died, 42 patients took treatment for varying periods and then stopped treatment, while 8 patients continued treatment till the end of the study period. The 5 patients who died were critically ill at the time of presentation, and died mostly within the first two months of starting Ayurvedic treatment. The cause of death varied ; 1 patient died from cirrhosis of the liver, 3 died of extensive Pulmonary Tuberculosis (multi-drug resistant) and 1 died of a combination of Pulmonary Tuberculosis and demyelination disease of the brain. In the 50 patients who were alive till the time of their last follow-up , there was an average weight-gain of 2.3 kgs.(range = - 4 to + 7.5 kgs), usually within the first 3 months. In those patients who took continuous treatment for more than 3 months, the Karnofsky score increased from an average of 75.9 at the commencement of treatment to 87.4 at the last follow-up. Almost all the patients had 1-3 O.I. at the time of presentation. Other than Tuberculosis, all the O.I. cleared up rapidly within the first 2 months of treatment. Long-term administration of Ayurvedic medicines (upto 30 months) did not seem to have any major adverse effects. In fact, in a few patients, the tests for liver and renal function appeared to normalize further, with treatment. Haemoglobin readings gradually improved in those patients taking regular, prolonged treatment.The most striking effect of the Ayurvedic medicines was on the Viral Load and CD4 counts. Because of financial constraints, only 15 patients (27 % ) agreed to do either the Viral Load or the CD4 count, or both. In most patients, there was a definite and steady decrease in the Viral Load, and an increase in the CD4 cell counts. Antiretroviral medicines are the mainstay in the modern treatment of HIV/AIDS. However, a plethora of side-effects, development of resistance to drugs and escalating treatment costs are serious concerns. In the absence of a definite cure for HIV/AIDS, Ayurvedic medicines may provide a useful alternative for long-term management of patients, since these medicines are economical and devoid of serious side-effects. However, scientific research is necessary to determine efficacy of these medicines. This retrospective study is one such effort to assess long-term therapeutic effects of an Ayurvedic Herbal Combination in the management of HIV /AIDS. In this study, 4 patients died within the first 2 months of commencing treatment. Onset of therapeutic effect is slow with Ayurvedic medicines, and these patients probably could not benefit from Ayurvedic treatment. This emphasizes the need to start treatment as early as possible in immuno-compromised patients. The causes of death indicate that Tuberculosis and CNS involvement are major killers in HIV patients. Multi-drug resistance to Tuberculosis is also a major concern. 16 patients ( 29% ) did not come back after just one ( 11% ) or two ( 18% ) visits. The reasons cited were, a complete inability to pay for treatment, or a search for a ‘better’ or a ‘guarenteed cure’. Fortunately, perceptions have changed in the last few years. Even illiterate patients from the lower socio-economic strata are no longer asking for a ‘guarantee’ or a ‘cure’. ‘Long-term management with minimum expenses’ is a mantra being readily accepted by the HIV positive patient of today. All the patients who took medicines regularly, had a high-protein diet and kept themselves busy, improved very well and put on weight. Even 2 to 3 years after stopping Ayurvedic treatment, most of the patients are doing very well, some inspite of very low CD4 counts. This is probably one of the biggest long-term advantages of taking Ayurvedic medicines for HIV /AIDS. However, patients with socio-economic difficulties and a lot of psychological pressure who could not have access to regular treatment, started losing weight after initially improving with treatment. A comprehensive management of each patient thus needs to address several issues relevant to each individual patient. This study also brought forth some interesting results. One patient who subsequently died, had severe demyelinating disease of the brain (as diagnosed in a major hospital), and had lost most of his motor control and sensory senses, since several months. After being given Ayurvedic treatment for about 1 ½ months he became alert, and could speak clearly, albeit temporarily, for 1 week. Another patient with Nephrotic syndrome resulting in long-standing generalized oedema (2 years ) had complete regression of the oedema after 2 months of Ayurvedic treatment without any other treatment. One HIV positive patient with suspected malignancy of lung in the right upper lobe was steadily losing weight. After starting Ayurvedic treatment, he started putting on weight. Another patient with history suggestive of HIV Encephalopathy was semi-conscious at presentation. He was passively fed on liquid diet and a combination of both modern drugs and Ayurvedic treatment. This patient be! came ambulatory within 2 weeks, and after 2 months of treatment he was faring well, even with a CD4 count of just 6.The above 4 instances indicate that the Ayurvedic medicines may have multi-faceted properties and need further evaluation. Thus,the retrospective study of 55 HIV positive adult patients treated with an Ayurvedic Herbal combination from April 1999 to November 2004 proved the Ayurvedic medicines to be highly effective as anti-viral and immuno-stimulant,and safe on long-term use. A nutritious diet, Ayurvedic baseline therapy, timely allopathic treatment of Opportunistic Infections and regular counseling support appears to be an ideal combination in the management of HIV/ AIDS patients. References 1. UNAIDS. Global Summary of the AIDS Epidemic. Update December 2007. 2. Foundation for Integrative AIDS Research. Potential Anti- HIV Herbs. 15/9/2002. 3. Sharma P.V. Vegetable Drugs. Vol. II. IV Edition. Chaukhamba Publications.1978. 4. Dahanukar S A, Kulkarni R A, Rege N N. Pharmacology of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products. Indian Journal of Pharmacology, 2000; 32: S81 - S118.
About The Author
Dr. A. A. Mundewadi is Chief Ayurvedic Physician at Mundewadi Ayurvedic Clinic based at Thane, Maharashtra, India. He is available as an online Ayurvedic Consultant at http://www.ayurvedaphysician.com and can be contacted at info@ayurvedaphysician.com Dr. A. A. Mundewadi, B.A.M.S., is a practicing Ayurvedic physician since the last 22 years. He is a graduate of R. A. Podar Medical (Ayurvedic ) College, Worli, Mumbai, India. During this period of 22 years, he has obtained considerable experience in the clinical treatment of a vast array of patients. Ayurveda , basically means, a “ Science of Life”, and involves maintaining the health of healthy persons, and treating sick patients. Dr. Mundewadi has studied and experienced extensively all the principles of Ayurveda , involving a healthy life-style, diet regimes, body-cleansing through panch-karma procedures, and treatment with herbal and herbo-mineral compounds. In addition to his background in Ayurveda, Dr. Mundewadi has also studied the therapeutic effects of Reiki( he is a 3rd degree Reiki Master), Acupuncture ( he has done a basic and an advanced course in Acupuncture), Hypnotherapy and Magnetotherapy. His current style of clinical practice is a culmination of his experience with all these different treatment modalities. Dr. Mundewadi has been doing clinical research work since the last 9 years. He has published his findings of herbal treatment of HIV / AIDS in 55 patients in the Bombay Hospital Journal, Mumbai, India, July 2005 issue,which can be viewed at www.bhj.org/journal/2005_4703_july.html/original_aretrisoective_255.htm . He has also successfully completed a clinical trial of herbal extract medicines in Schizophrenia compared to modern anti-psychotics, in 200 patients( See www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00483964 ). He has also conducted preliminary studies of Ayurvedic herbal extracts in the treatment of Bipolar Disorder, Vascular Dementia, Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Mental Retardation, and Tobacco and Alcohol Dependence. He also has a special interest in the herbal treatment of Age Related Macular Degeneration and different types of Cancer. Copyright Clause: This article may be reproduced with full acknowledgement of the author's name and contact(url and E-mail) details.
America's Children Are Dying To Lose Weight
America's Children Are Dying To Lose Weight by: Foster W. Cline And Lisa Greene
Wasting away, Katie died weighing only 58 pounds. And she was sixteen. That just doesn't seem possible to me when I look at my seven-year-old daughter who weighs in at about 55 pounds. Anorexia is a medical enigma. Although there is little concrete evidence of what actually causes anorexia, most experts agree that there are several contributing risk factors. We believe that awareness of these risk factors can reduce the odds that they will be triggered so we are hopeful that this information will save lives. If you're a parent or a teacher, you need to read on… Word has it around town that Katie had been told by a high school teacher that "she needed to go on a diet." So she did. Certainly this one comment didn't cause this young lady to spin out of control with dieting but it might have been the straw that broke the camel's back. Negative comments about body type and size from authority figures, teachers, coaches and parents, can have a big impact on an adolescent child's self-esteem and are implicated as possible triggers in studies on anorexia. Never underestimate the power of the spoken word to heal… or kill… Eating disorders (bulimia and anorexia) have historically been considered a girl problem but the pendulum is swinging. Anorexia is being diagnosed more frequently in boys, too. Young boys are becoming more body image conscious than in previous generations. Case in point: my nine-year-old son has come home from school upset on several occasions because kids have called him fat. He is far from fat; in fact, he has cystic fibrosis so we are grateful for any extra padding he has and work very hard to keep his weight as high as possible. His diet is exactly the opposite of what everyone else is eating, filled with high fat, high calorie foods. Jacob understands the importance of complying with his dietary requirements but it can be hard for him to go against the norm. With the emphasis on childhood obesity and diabetes, children are thankfully becoming more aware of the necessity of good nutrition and weight control. But I wonder if there is a price to be paid by children who are predisposed to eating disorders. With the media, parents, doctors, schools and peers emphasizing being thin and high achieving, it will be unfortunate if the numbers of children diagnosed with anorexia accelerates. The difficulty lies in knowing which children are predisposed to eating disorders. As our society addresses the obesity issue, are we unknowingly putting some children at risk for eating disorders? How can we address the very real, very troublesome problems associated with the alarmingly increasing body mass index of our young children without triggering other children's potential for becoming anorexic? This is a problem every parent of every child should consider. Research shows that about 6% of young people suffer from an eating disorder and this figure is thought to be low. The next time you are at a school assembly, look around. There are likely to be at least 10 kids there who have an eating disorder. One of them may even be your own. It is thought that the "anorexic mentality" is in place long before there is physical evidence of the disease. Has your thirteen -year-old been on a diet lately? Stats say that there is an 80% likelihood that she has been. Dieting at a young age puts children at risk for anorexia. The cause of an eating disorder in any one child is unclear because multiple factors appear to play a role. Genetic factors, family interaction patterns, and the individual's own character and personality have all been implicated. But to summarize the problem in a single sentence, it appears that the illness is a response to coping with stress in genetically predisposed children who are filled with denial about their feelings and weight. There! Quick, short, concise, and anything but simple. This single sentence has many implications for parents and parenting. Let's take a brief look at each of these contributing factors individually and provide parenting responses that might be helpful in combating eating disorders. 1. The Genetic Factor in Eating Disorders Eating disorders, like many other behavioral illnesses, appear to run in families. Not only does the illness itself run in families but the predisposing temperament seems to as well. The one good thing about illnesses that run in families is the fact that children can be prepared to recognize warning factors prior to the onset of the problem. When children are forewarned, they are forearmed. This forewarning is best carried out in a heart-to-heart discussion about possible future problems. A loving parent, relative, or counselor can initiate dialogue before the child is an adolescent, in an informative, non-hand-wringing and factual manner that indicates a hopeful outlook for a healthy future. 2. Anorexia and Bulimia as a Way of Coping with Stress Food and emotions are closely linked. Over- and under-eating change brain chemicals that affect anxiety and depression. They are both often unhappy and ineffective ways of coping with stress. An authority on anorexia recently noted that a child's inherent vulnerabilities "load the gun," and environmental stresses "pull the trigger." So, assuming inherent vulnerabilities like genetics are unchangeable, how can we avoid pulling the trigger? Is it possible that we can use parenting techniques that will reduce the odds of pulling the trigger? We believe the answer is yes. We can easily use parenting techniques that excel at raising children who effectively learn to cope with stress in healthy ways. Such techniques include guiding children to solve their own problems rather than solving them for them, allowing children to experience the consequences of their decisions, and responding to children's mistakes with empathy and understanding rather than anger, frustration, and criticism. These are great immunizations against the use of food as a dysfunctional coping response. The experience of coping and overcoming difficulties with good problem-solving skills leads to the ability to confront feelings and issues in a healthy manner, rather than displacing them with changes in food intake. Also, the child's history of successfully coping with painful outcomes of poor choices makes denial much less likely. And, when a child's mistakes are met with empathy and understanding rather than anger and frustration, a child feels! supported and understood rather than criticized, demeaned and alone. 3. Psychological Factors in Eating Disorders Two personality factors have often been reported to be present in eating disorders: perfectionism and high, unrealistic expectations of self. Even when anorexic adults have achieved success, deep down they report feeling insecure and inadequate. There is a tendency to see things only in extremes without shades of gray: "I'm good or I'm bad." "I'm pretty or I'm ugly." "I'm successful or a complete failure." "I'm perfect or defective." "I'm fat or I'm thin." Healthy parenting techniques discourage this type of thinking. Parents: don't over-reassure your children. Over-reassurance actually validates the child's negative thinking and may lead to unhealthy "either/or" black-and-white thinking. Responding with, "Gee, honey, I see it differently, but tell me how you are no good," allows for less manipulation, more acceptance of responsibility, and a child's far more accurate self-examination. Using encouragement rather than praise is also an important parenting technique to increase children's self-awareness. Encouragement gives them experience in viewing themselves, their responses, and their creations realistically, rather than simply trying to please an authority figure. With this simple tool, parents can easily help children learn how to feel good from the inside out rather than looking for approval and self-worth from authority figures. 4. The Role of the Family There are a number of family factors that are thought to play a role in eating disorders. As we look at some of these interaction factors, it is safe to say that while healthy parenting patterns certainly will not cause or aggravate the problem, they may not be able to alleviate the problem either. Loving, effective parents are known to have had children suffering depression, suicide, and eating disorders. Also, this discussion on parenting styles should not be used as a source of parental guilt but instead provide motivation for change if change is needed. Parents do the best they can, under the circumstances they experience, to raise their children with the love they are able to show. The problem in examining family patterns lies with the fact that all sorts of dysfunctional patterns have been reported. These form a long list: - Smothering and over-protective families - Controlling and critical parents - A chronic feeling of being abandoned and misunderstood - Having parents or a family that overemphasize appearance and achievement - Having rigid parents who don't model good conflict resolution skills The effect of unintentional, yet unhealthy, parental responses cannot be ignored. Again, good parenting techniques do not guarantee success, but at least they are unlikely to contribute to the problem. So rather than focusing on what is speculatively wrong, it is more effective to focus on doing what is right by using healthy parenting skills rather than the unhealthy ones that contribute to dysfunctional family patterns. Whether or not an eating disorder is present, or may be present in the future, it will never hurt for parents to show healthy responses and good parenting techniques. 5. Societal Influences Finally, there are possible societal factors that influence eating disorders. Big drinks and big burgers have enticed the population into a diabetic frenzy. While most of the population is downright overweight, the females that populate the media (those who model prettiness and good looks) are generally thin to the point of appearing anorexic themselves. Talk about image confusion! On the male side of the equation, we have the same issue with buff men cavorting playfully with thin, pretty women. With so much emphasis in our culture on athletic performance and good looks, it is not too surprising that some predisposed children take things too far. And, although on the surface it seems reasonable enough to blame society for the self-destructive choices of an individual, this is ultimately self-defeating when dealing with individual situations. Blaming society or others simply removes individual responsibility and accountability and actually increases the likelihood of the negative behavior. In conclusion, when all is said and done, nobody, at this point, can say with any certainty the exact cause of an eating disorder in any one particular child. But we can say with absolute certainty that all the speculation, studies, reports, and conjecture do not implicate the healthy family interaction patterns taught by Love and Logic. It would appear the personality of the anorexic person is not that of children who have grown up in a home advocating honest acceptance of personal responsibility and where children are: - Lovingly supported by parents who view mistakes as learning experiences, - Allowed to make choices and share control, - And encouraged to cope with the stresses of life in healthy ways. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure particularly where eating disorders are concerned. At this time, there is no cure for anorexia. And America's children are dying to lose weight.
Wasting away, Katie died weighing only 58 pounds. And she was sixteen. That just doesn't seem possible to me when I look at my seven-year-old daughter who weighs in at about 55 pounds. Anorexia is a medical enigma. Although there is little concrete evidence of what actually causes anorexia, most experts agree that there are several contributing risk factors. We believe that awareness of these risk factors can reduce the odds that they will be triggered so we are hopeful that this information will save lives. If you're a parent or a teacher, you need to read on… Word has it around town that Katie had been told by a high school teacher that "she needed to go on a diet." So she did. Certainly this one comment didn't cause this young lady to spin out of control with dieting but it might have been the straw that broke the camel's back. Negative comments about body type and size from authority figures, teachers, coaches and parents, can have a big impact on an adolescent child's self-esteem and are implicated as possible triggers in studies on anorexia. Never underestimate the power of the spoken word to heal… or kill… Eating disorders (bulimia and anorexia) have historically been considered a girl problem but the pendulum is swinging. Anorexia is being diagnosed more frequently in boys, too. Young boys are becoming more body image conscious than in previous generations. Case in point: my nine-year-old son has come home from school upset on several occasions because kids have called him fat. He is far from fat; in fact, he has cystic fibrosis so we are grateful for any extra padding he has and work very hard to keep his weight as high as possible. His diet is exactly the opposite of what everyone else is eating, filled with high fat, high calorie foods. Jacob understands the importance of complying with his dietary requirements but it can be hard for him to go against the norm. With the emphasis on childhood obesity and diabetes, children are thankfully becoming more aware of the necessity of good nutrition and weight control. But I wonder if there is a price to be paid by children who are predisposed to eating disorders. With the media, parents, doctors, schools and peers emphasizing being thin and high achieving, it will be unfortunate if the numbers of children diagnosed with anorexia accelerates. The difficulty lies in knowing which children are predisposed to eating disorders. As our society addresses the obesity issue, are we unknowingly putting some children at risk for eating disorders? How can we address the very real, very troublesome problems associated with the alarmingly increasing body mass index of our young children without triggering other children's potential for becoming anorexic? This is a problem every parent of every child should consider. Research shows that about 6% of young people suffer from an eating disorder and this figure is thought to be low. The next time you are at a school assembly, look around. There are likely to be at least 10 kids there who have an eating disorder. One of them may even be your own. It is thought that the "anorexic mentality" is in place long before there is physical evidence of the disease. Has your thirteen -year-old been on a diet lately? Stats say that there is an 80% likelihood that she has been. Dieting at a young age puts children at risk for anorexia. The cause of an eating disorder in any one child is unclear because multiple factors appear to play a role. Genetic factors, family interaction patterns, and the individual's own character and personality have all been implicated. But to summarize the problem in a single sentence, it appears that the illness is a response to coping with stress in genetically predisposed children who are filled with denial about their feelings and weight. There! Quick, short, concise, and anything but simple. This single sentence has many implications for parents and parenting. Let's take a brief look at each of these contributing factors individually and provide parenting responses that might be helpful in combating eating disorders. 1. The Genetic Factor in Eating Disorders Eating disorders, like many other behavioral illnesses, appear to run in families. Not only does the illness itself run in families but the predisposing temperament seems to as well. The one good thing about illnesses that run in families is the fact that children can be prepared to recognize warning factors prior to the onset of the problem. When children are forewarned, they are forearmed. This forewarning is best carried out in a heart-to-heart discussion about possible future problems. A loving parent, relative, or counselor can initiate dialogue before the child is an adolescent, in an informative, non-hand-wringing and factual manner that indicates a hopeful outlook for a healthy future. 2. Anorexia and Bulimia as a Way of Coping with Stress Food and emotions are closely linked. Over- and under-eating change brain chemicals that affect anxiety and depression. They are both often unhappy and ineffective ways of coping with stress. An authority on anorexia recently noted that a child's inherent vulnerabilities "load the gun," and environmental stresses "pull the trigger." So, assuming inherent vulnerabilities like genetics are unchangeable, how can we avoid pulling the trigger? Is it possible that we can use parenting techniques that will reduce the odds of pulling the trigger? We believe the answer is yes. We can easily use parenting techniques that excel at raising children who effectively learn to cope with stress in healthy ways. Such techniques include guiding children to solve their own problems rather than solving them for them, allowing children to experience the consequences of their decisions, and responding to children's mistakes with empathy and understanding rather than anger, frustration, and criticism. These are great immunizations against the use of food as a dysfunctional coping response. The experience of coping and overcoming difficulties with good problem-solving skills leads to the ability to confront feelings and issues in a healthy manner, rather than displacing them with changes in food intake. Also, the child's history of successfully coping with painful outcomes of poor choices makes denial much less likely. And, when a child's mistakes are met with empathy and understanding rather than anger and frustration, a child feels! supported and understood rather than criticized, demeaned and alone. 3. Psychological Factors in Eating Disorders Two personality factors have often been reported to be present in eating disorders: perfectionism and high, unrealistic expectations of self. Even when anorexic adults have achieved success, deep down they report feeling insecure and inadequate. There is a tendency to see things only in extremes without shades of gray: "I'm good or I'm bad." "I'm pretty or I'm ugly." "I'm successful or a complete failure." "I'm perfect or defective." "I'm fat or I'm thin." Healthy parenting techniques discourage this type of thinking. Parents: don't over-reassure your children. Over-reassurance actually validates the child's negative thinking and may lead to unhealthy "either/or" black-and-white thinking. Responding with, "Gee, honey, I see it differently, but tell me how you are no good," allows for less manipulation, more acceptance of responsibility, and a child's far more accurate self-examination. Using encouragement rather than praise is also an important parenting technique to increase children's self-awareness. Encouragement gives them experience in viewing themselves, their responses, and their creations realistically, rather than simply trying to please an authority figure. With this simple tool, parents can easily help children learn how to feel good from the inside out rather than looking for approval and self-worth from authority figures. 4. The Role of the Family There are a number of family factors that are thought to play a role in eating disorders. As we look at some of these interaction factors, it is safe to say that while healthy parenting patterns certainly will not cause or aggravate the problem, they may not be able to alleviate the problem either. Loving, effective parents are known to have had children suffering depression, suicide, and eating disorders. Also, this discussion on parenting styles should not be used as a source of parental guilt but instead provide motivation for change if change is needed. Parents do the best they can, under the circumstances they experience, to raise their children with the love they are able to show. The problem in examining family patterns lies with the fact that all sorts of dysfunctional patterns have been reported. These form a long list: - Smothering and over-protective families - Controlling and critical parents - A chronic feeling of being abandoned and misunderstood - Having parents or a family that overemphasize appearance and achievement - Having rigid parents who don't model good conflict resolution skills The effect of unintentional, yet unhealthy, parental responses cannot be ignored. Again, good parenting techniques do not guarantee success, but at least they are unlikely to contribute to the problem. So rather than focusing on what is speculatively wrong, it is more effective to focus on doing what is right by using healthy parenting skills rather than the unhealthy ones that contribute to dysfunctional family patterns. Whether or not an eating disorder is present, or may be present in the future, it will never hurt for parents to show healthy responses and good parenting techniques. 5. Societal Influences Finally, there are possible societal factors that influence eating disorders. Big drinks and big burgers have enticed the population into a diabetic frenzy. While most of the population is downright overweight, the females that populate the media (those who model prettiness and good looks) are generally thin to the point of appearing anorexic themselves. Talk about image confusion! On the male side of the equation, we have the same issue with buff men cavorting playfully with thin, pretty women. With so much emphasis in our culture on athletic performance and good looks, it is not too surprising that some predisposed children take things too far. And, although on the surface it seems reasonable enough to blame society for the self-destructive choices of an individual, this is ultimately self-defeating when dealing with individual situations. Blaming society or others simply removes individual responsibility and accountability and actually increases the likelihood of the negative behavior. In conclusion, when all is said and done, nobody, at this point, can say with any certainty the exact cause of an eating disorder in any one particular child. But we can say with absolute certainty that all the speculation, studies, reports, and conjecture do not implicate the healthy family interaction patterns taught by Love and Logic. It would appear the personality of the anorexic person is not that of children who have grown up in a home advocating honest acceptance of personal responsibility and where children are: - Lovingly supported by parents who view mistakes as learning experiences, - Allowed to make choices and share control, - And encouraged to cope with the stresses of life in healthy ways. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure particularly where eating disorders are concerned. At this time, there is no cure for anorexia. And America's children are dying to lose weight.
Write And Grow Rich
by: Suzanne Harrison
Are there any writers out there who don’t want to make money from writing? Who don’t want to earn a living from their writing? Who don’t want to become rich from their writing? Well, there probably are. And that’s fine. But this article isn’t for them. This article is for you. You who knows that you can’t wake up in the morning without the itch in your fingers, can’t get through the day without putting pen to paper or fingers to keyboard, you who can’t listen to a conversation on a train, a bus or at a coffee shop without thinking, “I’ve got to write that down and use it in my next story”, and you who sees many things in life as great story ideas. Write and grow rich is for you. Now, this is not entirely about getting financially rich from writing. But apply the following advice and you stand a great chance of making that happen. Riches do come in many forms, one of which is money. But the many other forms of riches life has to offer are also yours for the taking when you follow the lead of the greats of writing, storytelling and inspirational thinking. So let’s have a look at the 7 essential elements that will help you to write and grow rich. 1. Desire This is absolutely the most important step in achieving success in any endeavour, and ignoring it will mean almost certain failure. Putting it simply, you have to want it! Whatever your writing goal is – whether it’s to be a bestselling novelist, a successful screenwriter, to win a short story competition, to write for a national newspaper or magazine, or simply to finish something you’ve started, you must want it so much that the thought of it inspires a physical reaction in you, and the lack of it causes you both emotional and physical pain. Does this sound extreme? Maybe. But you must have a deep, intense desire to make your writing dreams come true. So let’s put first things first – what is your magnificent obsession? What do you want more than anything else? Got it? Write it down and let’s move on. 2. Faith It is imperative that you believe you can achieve your goal. It is also imperative that you believe in what you are writing, and why. JK Rowling said that it was her belief in the story of Harry Potter that kept her going through 5 years of planning the entire series and then the writing of the first novel. With absolutely no promise of publication and being well aware of how difficult it is for an unknown author to get published, she could easily have let economic and personal difficulties overwhelm her and quit writing. But it was an overriding sense that she had to do right by the book that kept her going. So your second step is to examine your own commitment to what you are writing. Do you believe in the story you are telling? Does it mean anything to you personally, or to the world in general? And if you are writing non-fiction, do you believe in your topic, your point of view, and the value of what you are bringing to the world? Faith in yourself, and in your work is the one thing that has been known to work miracles. 3. Imagination This may seem obvious, and yet it needs to be said. It is imagination that sets great writers and storytellers apart, just as it sets great artists, businessmen and movie-makers apart. Imagination falls into two categories – the creative and synthetic imaginations. And both are equally important to you as a writer. Examples of the creative imagination are of course JK Rowling having Harry Potter stroll fully formed into her mind while she was travelling between Manchester and London by train, and then spending the next four hours creating Hogwarts and the major cast of characters in her mind. Then there’s anything Stephen King has ever written, from what happens when a dead pet resurrects itself, to what would you do if you were trapped in your car when your family dog turns rabid. Great uses of the synthetic imagination (when the mind takes elements it already knows and recognises, and puts them together in new ways) are also abundant in fiction. How many variations on the classic boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy gets girl, have you read or seen? Hundreds, probably. And what about James Cameron’s epic film, Titanic? We all knew the boat would sink, we’d all seen it countless times before, but we still flocked to the cinema, enchanted by Cameron’s incredibly believable characters, Rose and Jack, and their moving but short lived love story. So if you’re a fiction writer, don’t fall into the trap of thinking you have to dream up something that has never ever been seen before. Simply look at what you like to read and write about, and put a new angle, or twist on it, and then go for it. For non-fiction writers, it’s open slather here. Simply pick your topic, take a fresh look at it, create a new angle and get into it. Your expertise and opinion matter certainly, but use your imagination to create a new way for your readers to see your topic, and you will have a ready-made audience. 4. Specialised knowledge Many fiction writers have woven their own interests and areas of expertise into their novels. CS Lewis created a world rich in Christian symbolism, to reflect his own beliefs. John Grisham is an ex-lawyer who writes compelling courtroom dramas. Patricia Cornwell is a former medical examiner, and Candace Bushnell wrote about her own newspaper column in Sex and The City. These are all excellent examples of how you can turn your ‘real-life’ career into the basis of life as a novelist. Of course there are also countless examples of authors who carry out extensive research, moving from one topic to another as they build their catalogue. Either way, to create a believable world is, for the fiction writer, as important as building credibility in your field is to the non-fiction writer. The upshot is, that one way or the other, you need to acquire some specialised knowledge if you are to write in a way that captures your audience. Whether you parlay your own knowledge into your work, or acquire what you need through research, it’s important to remember, that we are first and foremost scribes, reporting stories to the people around us. 5. Organised Planning I am a great believer in planning. For the fiction writer, having a story plan, whether for a short story, novel or screenplay, ensures you keep yourself on track, not winding off down dead ends and blind alleys. For the non-fiction writer, it’s a matter of doing your research, gathering your notes, and writing an outline before you set about the main task of writing your article or book. But organised planning for the writer means much more than planning the story, book or article you are writing right now. It also means planning for your own success as a writer. Travelling back to the first point, desire, you had to write down what you wanted to achieve as a writer. Have a look at that now. How are you going to get there? What steps can you take, starting now, that will move you in the direction of your goal? Saying you want to see your screenplay nominated for an Academy Award is a fine aspiration, but if you don’t even have an idea yet for your story, how do you think you’re ever going to be treading the red carpet? So putting together an organised, step-by-step plan to get you from where you are now, to where you want to be, and adding a timeframe for your goal’s achievement will be an important step to getting you where you want to go. A great way to do this is to work backwards from your goal, imagining what came immediately before the goal, and then before that, and then right before that, until you have the step that you need to take RIGHT NOW to move you forward. It may be something as simple as buying yourself a special notebook to jot down your ideas, but whatever it is, it is one important step toward you achieving your writing desire. 6. Persistence It has been said that persistence outstrips all other virtues, and when it comes to achieving success as a writer, I truly believe that, other than being ready when your opportunity comes, persistence is the one quality that will absolutely guarantee your success. JK Rowling would never have been the phenomenon she became if she had never finished her first book, would she? And remember she wrote several adult novels that never saw the light of day, before Harry turned her life on its ear. Stephen King wrote several novels before he hit pay dirt with Carrie. Jonathan Livingstone Seagull was rejected more than 200 times before being published. Matthew Reilly began his career as a self-publisher and is now one of Australia’s most popular authors. His persistence, and self-belief paid off. So whatever you are writing, stick with it. Persistence is the one thing, along with a thick skin, that you’ll need in abundance to crack it in the competitive world of publishing. And remember, the so-called “experts” don’t always know it all. The man who handed JK Rowling her first advance, a mere £2,500, advised her not to give up her day job as “no one makes any money out of writing children’s books”. 12 years and over $1 billion later, I think she’s proven him wrong. Who are you going to prove wrong? 7. The Sixth Sense This may seem like an unusual thing to suggest, but I truly believe that those who achieve great success as writers have an intuitive sense about which stories are the ones that are worth pursuing and which ones are better off left behind. I advocate that you should pursue the ideas that “scare you a little, and excite you a lot”. This is a simpler way of describing the ‘sixth sense’ idea and also may be easier for many of you to measure. As an example, JK Rowling said that when Harry appeared to her on that train journey, she had an actual physical response, unlike anything else she’d ever felt before with her writing. She felt quite light-headed when she got off the train, and likened the feeling to that delicious feeling at the start of a love affair. Is this the sixth sense? The case could be argued either way. I am merely suggesting that the more in touch you are with your intuition, the more likely you are to be able to distinguish between the “Harry Potter” ideas and the “dead horses” that Bryce Courtney describes having experienced, when he just knew that an idea had run out of steam for him. So those are the 7 steps to Writing and Growing Rich. Type them out, paste them up near where you write and refer to them often. And as you advance confidently in the direction of your dreams, may you experience success unexpected in common hours.
About The Author
Suzanne Harrison is a fiction writer and founder of Writers Central, a vibrant online creative writing school and community. Offering exceptional courses specialising in writing powerful fiction, Writers Central offers members an abundance of writing tips and techniques, author interviews, news, reviews and one-on-one feedback on their writing. http://www.writerscentral.com.au
Are there any writers out there who don’t want to make money from writing? Who don’t want to earn a living from their writing? Who don’t want to become rich from their writing? Well, there probably are. And that’s fine. But this article isn’t for them. This article is for you. You who knows that you can’t wake up in the morning without the itch in your fingers, can’t get through the day without putting pen to paper or fingers to keyboard, you who can’t listen to a conversation on a train, a bus or at a coffee shop without thinking, “I’ve got to write that down and use it in my next story”, and you who sees many things in life as great story ideas. Write and grow rich is for you. Now, this is not entirely about getting financially rich from writing. But apply the following advice and you stand a great chance of making that happen. Riches do come in many forms, one of which is money. But the many other forms of riches life has to offer are also yours for the taking when you follow the lead of the greats of writing, storytelling and inspirational thinking. So let’s have a look at the 7 essential elements that will help you to write and grow rich. 1. Desire This is absolutely the most important step in achieving success in any endeavour, and ignoring it will mean almost certain failure. Putting it simply, you have to want it! Whatever your writing goal is – whether it’s to be a bestselling novelist, a successful screenwriter, to win a short story competition, to write for a national newspaper or magazine, or simply to finish something you’ve started, you must want it so much that the thought of it inspires a physical reaction in you, and the lack of it causes you both emotional and physical pain. Does this sound extreme? Maybe. But you must have a deep, intense desire to make your writing dreams come true. So let’s put first things first – what is your magnificent obsession? What do you want more than anything else? Got it? Write it down and let’s move on. 2. Faith It is imperative that you believe you can achieve your goal. It is also imperative that you believe in what you are writing, and why. JK Rowling said that it was her belief in the story of Harry Potter that kept her going through 5 years of planning the entire series and then the writing of the first novel. With absolutely no promise of publication and being well aware of how difficult it is for an unknown author to get published, she could easily have let economic and personal difficulties overwhelm her and quit writing. But it was an overriding sense that she had to do right by the book that kept her going. So your second step is to examine your own commitment to what you are writing. Do you believe in the story you are telling? Does it mean anything to you personally, or to the world in general? And if you are writing non-fiction, do you believe in your topic, your point of view, and the value of what you are bringing to the world? Faith in yourself, and in your work is the one thing that has been known to work miracles. 3. Imagination This may seem obvious, and yet it needs to be said. It is imagination that sets great writers and storytellers apart, just as it sets great artists, businessmen and movie-makers apart. Imagination falls into two categories – the creative and synthetic imaginations. And both are equally important to you as a writer. Examples of the creative imagination are of course JK Rowling having Harry Potter stroll fully formed into her mind while she was travelling between Manchester and London by train, and then spending the next four hours creating Hogwarts and the major cast of characters in her mind. Then there’s anything Stephen King has ever written, from what happens when a dead pet resurrects itself, to what would you do if you were trapped in your car when your family dog turns rabid. Great uses of the synthetic imagination (when the mind takes elements it already knows and recognises, and puts them together in new ways) are also abundant in fiction. How many variations on the classic boy meets girl, boy loses girl, boy gets girl, have you read or seen? Hundreds, probably. And what about James Cameron’s epic film, Titanic? We all knew the boat would sink, we’d all seen it countless times before, but we still flocked to the cinema, enchanted by Cameron’s incredibly believable characters, Rose and Jack, and their moving but short lived love story. So if you’re a fiction writer, don’t fall into the trap of thinking you have to dream up something that has never ever been seen before. Simply look at what you like to read and write about, and put a new angle, or twist on it, and then go for it. For non-fiction writers, it’s open slather here. Simply pick your topic, take a fresh look at it, create a new angle and get into it. Your expertise and opinion matter certainly, but use your imagination to create a new way for your readers to see your topic, and you will have a ready-made audience. 4. Specialised knowledge Many fiction writers have woven their own interests and areas of expertise into their novels. CS Lewis created a world rich in Christian symbolism, to reflect his own beliefs. John Grisham is an ex-lawyer who writes compelling courtroom dramas. Patricia Cornwell is a former medical examiner, and Candace Bushnell wrote about her own newspaper column in Sex and The City. These are all excellent examples of how you can turn your ‘real-life’ career into the basis of life as a novelist. Of course there are also countless examples of authors who carry out extensive research, moving from one topic to another as they build their catalogue. Either way, to create a believable world is, for the fiction writer, as important as building credibility in your field is to the non-fiction writer. The upshot is, that one way or the other, you need to acquire some specialised knowledge if you are to write in a way that captures your audience. Whether you parlay your own knowledge into your work, or acquire what you need through research, it’s important to remember, that we are first and foremost scribes, reporting stories to the people around us. 5. Organised Planning I am a great believer in planning. For the fiction writer, having a story plan, whether for a short story, novel or screenplay, ensures you keep yourself on track, not winding off down dead ends and blind alleys. For the non-fiction writer, it’s a matter of doing your research, gathering your notes, and writing an outline before you set about the main task of writing your article or book. But organised planning for the writer means much more than planning the story, book or article you are writing right now. It also means planning for your own success as a writer. Travelling back to the first point, desire, you had to write down what you wanted to achieve as a writer. Have a look at that now. How are you going to get there? What steps can you take, starting now, that will move you in the direction of your goal? Saying you want to see your screenplay nominated for an Academy Award is a fine aspiration, but if you don’t even have an idea yet for your story, how do you think you’re ever going to be treading the red carpet? So putting together an organised, step-by-step plan to get you from where you are now, to where you want to be, and adding a timeframe for your goal’s achievement will be an important step to getting you where you want to go. A great way to do this is to work backwards from your goal, imagining what came immediately before the goal, and then before that, and then right before that, until you have the step that you need to take RIGHT NOW to move you forward. It may be something as simple as buying yourself a special notebook to jot down your ideas, but whatever it is, it is one important step toward you achieving your writing desire. 6. Persistence It has been said that persistence outstrips all other virtues, and when it comes to achieving success as a writer, I truly believe that, other than being ready when your opportunity comes, persistence is the one quality that will absolutely guarantee your success. JK Rowling would never have been the phenomenon she became if she had never finished her first book, would she? And remember she wrote several adult novels that never saw the light of day, before Harry turned her life on its ear. Stephen King wrote several novels before he hit pay dirt with Carrie. Jonathan Livingstone Seagull was rejected more than 200 times before being published. Matthew Reilly began his career as a self-publisher and is now one of Australia’s most popular authors. His persistence, and self-belief paid off. So whatever you are writing, stick with it. Persistence is the one thing, along with a thick skin, that you’ll need in abundance to crack it in the competitive world of publishing. And remember, the so-called “experts” don’t always know it all. The man who handed JK Rowling her first advance, a mere £2,500, advised her not to give up her day job as “no one makes any money out of writing children’s books”. 12 years and over $1 billion later, I think she’s proven him wrong. Who are you going to prove wrong? 7. The Sixth Sense This may seem like an unusual thing to suggest, but I truly believe that those who achieve great success as writers have an intuitive sense about which stories are the ones that are worth pursuing and which ones are better off left behind. I advocate that you should pursue the ideas that “scare you a little, and excite you a lot”. This is a simpler way of describing the ‘sixth sense’ idea and also may be easier for many of you to measure. As an example, JK Rowling said that when Harry appeared to her on that train journey, she had an actual physical response, unlike anything else she’d ever felt before with her writing. She felt quite light-headed when she got off the train, and likened the feeling to that delicious feeling at the start of a love affair. Is this the sixth sense? The case could be argued either way. I am merely suggesting that the more in touch you are with your intuition, the more likely you are to be able to distinguish between the “Harry Potter” ideas and the “dead horses” that Bryce Courtney describes having experienced, when he just knew that an idea had run out of steam for him. So those are the 7 steps to Writing and Growing Rich. Type them out, paste them up near where you write and refer to them often. And as you advance confidently in the direction of your dreams, may you experience success unexpected in common hours.
About The Author
Suzanne Harrison is a fiction writer and founder of Writers Central, a vibrant online creative writing school and community. Offering exceptional courses specialising in writing powerful fiction, Writers Central offers members an abundance of writing tips and techniques, author interviews, news, reviews and one-on-one feedback on their writing. http://www.writerscentral.com.au
Checklist for Organising Events in Spain
by: Maxine Tree
The following event planning checklist checklist gives you an idea of the type of things that have to be considered when planning an event here in Spain: Choose a location in Spain Our most popular destinations are Barcelona, Madrid, Marbella, Seville, Valencia and Malaga. Location is a key factor in the success of your company or group event. Set a realistic budget Consider all the expenses that are likely to come up and get quotes from different suppliers, caterers, entertainers or whatever other contractors you will need. Be realistic about how much you can afford to spend and what the actual costs are likely to be and allow a little extra for those unforeseen circumstances. Decide upon a type of team building activity? A group event can be an effective means of team building amongst your company or organization. A presentation, gala event, corporate function or other team building exercise can bring out many members of the team to participate, ideal for companies that have a large number of regional offices. Find a venue that is appropriate and affordable. Do you want a quiet, exclusive venue or a busy, dynamic city centre hotel? Do you want to stay at a hotel near the beach so that water-sports can be within reach, prefer to be in the middle of the countryside pursuing outdoor activities or want the most up to date business technologies for an audio-visual feast? Do not choose a banquet hall far away from the group event just because it is half the cost of one more centrally located. You may find that the management of your ideal location is willing to offer a lower rate than you expected. Also the costs of transportation to another location for your team building exercises, gala dinners or any activities that you might pursue may negate any savings made on the venue. Before you begin to promote a group event in Spain, make sure that you have signed contracts from the venue management and all contractors who will be working on the event. If you make a promise that you can not keep, it may tarnish your organization’s image for years to come, even if it is not your fault, let alone the wasted costs involved. Check Passport Information Travelling to Spain is very easy. If you are a citizen of the European Union, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein you only need your Identification Card, or a valid passport. If you are from any of the following countries: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Croatia, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Monaco, Nicaragua, New Zealand, Panama, Paraguay, Korea, Romania, San Marino, the Holy See, Singapore, Uruguay, and Venezuela you would need a valid passport to enter Spain, where you can stay for a maximum of 90 days. If you are from any other country, according to the criteria of the EU, you must request a visa at the Spanish Consulate of your country of residence. You will also need a valid passport.
About The Author
Maxine Tree is Co-founder of 'Conference Coordinator' who continue to organise successful conferences, meetings and events throughout Spain for groups and companies. The company website is located at http://www.conference-coordinator.com.
The following event planning checklist checklist gives you an idea of the type of things that have to be considered when planning an event here in Spain: Choose a location in Spain Our most popular destinations are Barcelona, Madrid, Marbella, Seville, Valencia and Malaga. Location is a key factor in the success of your company or group event. Set a realistic budget Consider all the expenses that are likely to come up and get quotes from different suppliers, caterers, entertainers or whatever other contractors you will need. Be realistic about how much you can afford to spend and what the actual costs are likely to be and allow a little extra for those unforeseen circumstances. Decide upon a type of team building activity? A group event can be an effective means of team building amongst your company or organization. A presentation, gala event, corporate function or other team building exercise can bring out many members of the team to participate, ideal for companies that have a large number of regional offices. Find a venue that is appropriate and affordable. Do you want a quiet, exclusive venue or a busy, dynamic city centre hotel? Do you want to stay at a hotel near the beach so that water-sports can be within reach, prefer to be in the middle of the countryside pursuing outdoor activities or want the most up to date business technologies for an audio-visual feast? Do not choose a banquet hall far away from the group event just because it is half the cost of one more centrally located. You may find that the management of your ideal location is willing to offer a lower rate than you expected. Also the costs of transportation to another location for your team building exercises, gala dinners or any activities that you might pursue may negate any savings made on the venue. Before you begin to promote a group event in Spain, make sure that you have signed contracts from the venue management and all contractors who will be working on the event. If you make a promise that you can not keep, it may tarnish your organization’s image for years to come, even if it is not your fault, let alone the wasted costs involved. Check Passport Information Travelling to Spain is very easy. If you are a citizen of the European Union, Switzerland, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein you only need your Identification Card, or a valid passport. If you are from any of the following countries: Andorra, Argentina, Australia, Bolivia, Brazil, Brunei, Bulgaria, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Croatia, El Salvador, United States, Guatemala, Honduras, Israel, Japan, Malaysia, Mexico, Monaco, Nicaragua, New Zealand, Panama, Paraguay, Korea, Romania, San Marino, the Holy See, Singapore, Uruguay, and Venezuela you would need a valid passport to enter Spain, where you can stay for a maximum of 90 days. If you are from any other country, according to the criteria of the EU, you must request a visa at the Spanish Consulate of your country of residence. You will also need a valid passport.
About The Author
Maxine Tree is Co-founder of 'Conference Coordinator' who continue to organise successful conferences, meetings and events throughout Spain for groups and companies. The company website is located at http://www.conference-coordinator.com.
20 Tips For Planning A Successful African Safari Vacation
by: Lovemore N'Cube
When planning a Safari, the starting point is to think about the time of year you wish to travel; the anticipated duration of your trip; the type of accommodation you prefer; your budget and any special interests you wish to pursue. The more we know about your aspirations for the trip the easier the planning. Before even contemplating the different safari areas and the camps/lodges within them, it is helpful to consider the broader context within which the safari areas exist. The first question to ask your self is whether you want the high end exclusive safari destination or a low cost destination. This immediately helps to focus on specific countries, for instance if you are looking for the high end market you may start focusing on Botswana or Namibia, if you are looking for bargain safaris, you may want to focus on South Africa, Zambia or Zimbabwe. By comparing the relative strengths between countries, your choice is further narrowed. The final step is to compare the safari areas within specific countries to decide which is/are most likely to provide the safari experience that you are looking for. In this article I will highlight the most important factors that you need to take into consideration or think about when planning a safari. I intend to write some sequels focusing in detail on the safari options in different southern African countries, including South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. 1. Do some research Start by reading articles or books about African safaris and the ‘big five’ Visit tour operator and travel agency websites to compare information. Make sure as part of your research you get a safari video to have a preview of what to expect. Safari videos are available at http://www.savannasafaris.com/ and other safari operator websites. Through your research you will decide if you will go for a packaged tour or a self drive or a combination of both. 2. Cost of a Safari Various factors play a role in one's choice of safari destination and, for most people, cost is one of the many criteria that influence this important decision. The explanation for cost differences between safari destinations, and between camps/lodges within the same areas, is multi-faceted and complicated. The safari market in southern Africa is highly competitive and driven by supply and demand; for instance, right now, Zimbabwe safaris are at a bargain because of the low demand resulting from the political and economic crisis in the country and the uncertainty as to whether or not the general elections coming in March 2008 will be peaceful. It is important to note that in most cases the cost of a safari excludes international flights to/from Africa; visas; passports; vaccination costs; excess baggage charges; optional excursions; spending money; tips; local and airport taxes. 3. Game Concentration For most people, an African safari is not complete when they do not see the big five – elephant, rhino, leopard, lion and leopard. These animals are concentrated at different places. Please be aware that your trip might bring you into close contact with these wild animals, which can be a threat to your safety and your health. Many of the safari camps are unfenced and particular care must be taken. It is essential that you always follow the advice of your guides, do not walk out on your own and do not touch any plants, animals or insects. You should understand the risks involved and take responsibility for your own safety. Please note that most safari lodges will require you to sign a personal indemnity form and you must be prepared to sign these. 4. Camp/lodge experience. The level of style and luxury in accommodation, the quality of food and service, facilities and amenities are all important factors to consider when planning a safari. The more expensive properties invariably excel in these elements of the overall experience. 5. Wilderness and exclusivity. As a rule, the larger and more private the concession /reserve, the higher the premium. Botswana (where private concessions are typically 100,000 acres or larger) is the most prominent example of this model of 'low volume / high value' eco-tourism. Zambia is an 'emerging' safari destination heading towards this model. 6. Remoteness. The further from civilization a camp/lodge, the more expensive it is to supply and operate, and the higher the access costs for guests. Zambia's three major National Parks are very different and fairly far removed from each other. This makes a Zambian safari a very diverse experience, but travel costs are a little higher than in Botswana for example. Namibia, home to some of southern Africa's most remote camps, is perhaps the most pronounced example of this type of safari. 7. Convenience. Camps/lodges with private airstrips that are close to camp offer increased convenience due to shorter transfer times between the airstrip and camp. This means less time in transit and more time on safari or relaxing. Such airstrips, in addition to being expensive to build and maintain, are desirable to guests and attract a premium. 8. Political situation. The biggest factor influencing the discounted rates in Zimbabwe is the negative perception surrounding the government of Robert Mugabe. Without doubt this regime has had a very negative impact on the lives of local Zimbabweans but, as a safari destination for foreign visitors, it is still a good deal destination. 9. Passports & visas. A full passport is essential and must be valid for at least six months after your return. Generally, visas are not required in South Africa and Botswana for United States and United Kingdom passport holders. Visas are required for Zimbabwe and Zambia. For detailed information about visas you can go to http://www.savannasafaris.com/ 10. Insurance. It is a condition of booking for most safari tours that all passengers have insurance cover. Your insurance should be fully comprehensive and include 24-hour emergency medical cover and repatriation along with general cover for travel cancellation and theft of valuables and personal items. 11. Health. You should consult your doctor at least six weeks prior to travel. If guests have any medication requirements an adequate supply should be brought from home, as it might not be available locally. Anti-malaria medication is essential. It is recommended that visitors bring plenty of insect repellent and sun cream. 12. Safety & security. In general, people in Africa have an enviable reputation for being friendly and welcoming. Along with most countries around the world, mugging can be a problem in certain towns and it is advisable that you do not walk at night unless you know the area well. If you are driving yourself it is sensible to arrive at your destination before dark as a myriad of animals enjoy lying on the roads at night. It is always sensible when traveling to take precautions against theft. By far the best precaution is to avoid taking valuables with you on holiday. If you do carry valuables ensure you are discreet. Do not leave any valuables or luggage unattended in a vehicle, unless in a locked trunk. 13. Clothing. The dress code at all of the camps and lodges is casual and there is no requirement to dress for dinner. We recommend that you wear neutral colors with a good pair of lightweight walking boots for game walks. Evenings are generally spent around a campfire, so a lightweight jumper is advisable. Early morning and night game drives can get very cold, particularly in June/July, so it is recommended that you bring a warm jacket and woolly hat. During the heat of the day a shady hat is essential. A long sleeved shirt and long trousers offer a degree of protection from mosquitoes. 14. Fitness levels. There is generally no fitness requirement for safaris. On walking safaris the walks are slow and gentle, although the ground is often uneven. Game drives can be bumpy at times and might be uncomfortable for people with back problems. 15. Luggage limits. A luggage limit applies for light aircraft transfers between camps. Soft bags are recommended for these flights. You will normally be advised of the requirements (if any) at the time of booking. 16. Travel in Africa. Part of what makes Africa so special is that it is very different from Europe and the USA. Please accept that things do not always happen the way you would normally expect and you must be prepared to adapt your arrangements as necessary. Whilst tour operators make every effort to ensure that your trip goes smoothly it is recommended that you be patient and understanding, accepting a degree of uncertainty and enjoying Africa as it is. 17. Climate. Although local weather conditions vary, the main weather patterns are the same throughout Southern Africa. Evenings and early mornings can get quite chilly, particularly between May and August. October can be extremely hot and humid (although this is the best time for game viewing as animals congregate around the remaining water). The rainy season is normally between November and March. 18. Currency. The local currencies in the major safari destination countries are the Zambian Kwacha, the Botswana Pula, South African Rand, Namibian Dollar, Mozambican Metical and the Zimbabwean Dollar. Tourists are expected to use US Dollars in camps, lodges and hotels. For local shopping for souvenirs and sundries you will need local currency. Banks will generally exchange US Dollars, English Pounds, Euros and US Dollars are required for visas purchased at the border posts (take the correct amount as any change will be given in local currency). In most of these countries, especially Zimbabwe, there are black market currency dealers. Changing currency in the black market is illegal, and you can be robbed of your money and valuables. Always ask your hotel staff about exchanging currency. 19. Time. Zambia, Namibia, Mozambique, Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa are all 2 hours ahead of GMT. 20. Memories Get a journal book, camera or camcorder to document your experiences. Happy safari planning and enjoy the unspoiled African wild! Lovemore N’Cube, Travel Consultant Lovemore.ncube@savannasafaris.com http://savannasafaris.blogspot.com/ http://www.savannasafaris.com/
When planning a Safari, the starting point is to think about the time of year you wish to travel; the anticipated duration of your trip; the type of accommodation you prefer; your budget and any special interests you wish to pursue. The more we know about your aspirations for the trip the easier the planning. Before even contemplating the different safari areas and the camps/lodges within them, it is helpful to consider the broader context within which the safari areas exist. The first question to ask your self is whether you want the high end exclusive safari destination or a low cost destination. This immediately helps to focus on specific countries, for instance if you are looking for the high end market you may start focusing on Botswana or Namibia, if you are looking for bargain safaris, you may want to focus on South Africa, Zambia or Zimbabwe. By comparing the relative strengths between countries, your choice is further narrowed. The final step is to compare the safari areas within specific countries to decide which is/are most likely to provide the safari experience that you are looking for. In this article I will highlight the most important factors that you need to take into consideration or think about when planning a safari. I intend to write some sequels focusing in detail on the safari options in different southern African countries, including South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. 1. Do some research Start by reading articles or books about African safaris and the ‘big five’ Visit tour operator and travel agency websites to compare information. Make sure as part of your research you get a safari video to have a preview of what to expect. Safari videos are available at http://www.savannasafaris.com/ and other safari operator websites. Through your research you will decide if you will go for a packaged tour or a self drive or a combination of both. 2. Cost of a Safari Various factors play a role in one's choice of safari destination and, for most people, cost is one of the many criteria that influence this important decision. The explanation for cost differences between safari destinations, and between camps/lodges within the same areas, is multi-faceted and complicated. The safari market in southern Africa is highly competitive and driven by supply and demand; for instance, right now, Zimbabwe safaris are at a bargain because of the low demand resulting from the political and economic crisis in the country and the uncertainty as to whether or not the general elections coming in March 2008 will be peaceful. It is important to note that in most cases the cost of a safari excludes international flights to/from Africa; visas; passports; vaccination costs; excess baggage charges; optional excursions; spending money; tips; local and airport taxes. 3. Game Concentration For most people, an African safari is not complete when they do not see the big five – elephant, rhino, leopard, lion and leopard. These animals are concentrated at different places. Please be aware that your trip might bring you into close contact with these wild animals, which can be a threat to your safety and your health. Many of the safari camps are unfenced and particular care must be taken. It is essential that you always follow the advice of your guides, do not walk out on your own and do not touch any plants, animals or insects. You should understand the risks involved and take responsibility for your own safety. Please note that most safari lodges will require you to sign a personal indemnity form and you must be prepared to sign these. 4. Camp/lodge experience. The level of style and luxury in accommodation, the quality of food and service, facilities and amenities are all important factors to consider when planning a safari. The more expensive properties invariably excel in these elements of the overall experience. 5. Wilderness and exclusivity. As a rule, the larger and more private the concession /reserve, the higher the premium. Botswana (where private concessions are typically 100,000 acres or larger) is the most prominent example of this model of 'low volume / high value' eco-tourism. Zambia is an 'emerging' safari destination heading towards this model. 6. Remoteness. The further from civilization a camp/lodge, the more expensive it is to supply and operate, and the higher the access costs for guests. Zambia's three major National Parks are very different and fairly far removed from each other. This makes a Zambian safari a very diverse experience, but travel costs are a little higher than in Botswana for example. Namibia, home to some of southern Africa's most remote camps, is perhaps the most pronounced example of this type of safari. 7. Convenience. Camps/lodges with private airstrips that are close to camp offer increased convenience due to shorter transfer times between the airstrip and camp. This means less time in transit and more time on safari or relaxing. Such airstrips, in addition to being expensive to build and maintain, are desirable to guests and attract a premium. 8. Political situation. The biggest factor influencing the discounted rates in Zimbabwe is the negative perception surrounding the government of Robert Mugabe. Without doubt this regime has had a very negative impact on the lives of local Zimbabweans but, as a safari destination for foreign visitors, it is still a good deal destination. 9. Passports & visas. A full passport is essential and must be valid for at least six months after your return. Generally, visas are not required in South Africa and Botswana for United States and United Kingdom passport holders. Visas are required for Zimbabwe and Zambia. For detailed information about visas you can go to http://www.savannasafaris.com/ 10. Insurance. It is a condition of booking for most safari tours that all passengers have insurance cover. Your insurance should be fully comprehensive and include 24-hour emergency medical cover and repatriation along with general cover for travel cancellation and theft of valuables and personal items. 11. Health. You should consult your doctor at least six weeks prior to travel. If guests have any medication requirements an adequate supply should be brought from home, as it might not be available locally. Anti-malaria medication is essential. It is recommended that visitors bring plenty of insect repellent and sun cream. 12. Safety & security. In general, people in Africa have an enviable reputation for being friendly and welcoming. Along with most countries around the world, mugging can be a problem in certain towns and it is advisable that you do not walk at night unless you know the area well. If you are driving yourself it is sensible to arrive at your destination before dark as a myriad of animals enjoy lying on the roads at night. It is always sensible when traveling to take precautions against theft. By far the best precaution is to avoid taking valuables with you on holiday. If you do carry valuables ensure you are discreet. Do not leave any valuables or luggage unattended in a vehicle, unless in a locked trunk. 13. Clothing. The dress code at all of the camps and lodges is casual and there is no requirement to dress for dinner. We recommend that you wear neutral colors with a good pair of lightweight walking boots for game walks. Evenings are generally spent around a campfire, so a lightweight jumper is advisable. Early morning and night game drives can get very cold, particularly in June/July, so it is recommended that you bring a warm jacket and woolly hat. During the heat of the day a shady hat is essential. A long sleeved shirt and long trousers offer a degree of protection from mosquitoes. 14. Fitness levels. There is generally no fitness requirement for safaris. On walking safaris the walks are slow and gentle, although the ground is often uneven. Game drives can be bumpy at times and might be uncomfortable for people with back problems. 15. Luggage limits. A luggage limit applies for light aircraft transfers between camps. Soft bags are recommended for these flights. You will normally be advised of the requirements (if any) at the time of booking. 16. Travel in Africa. Part of what makes Africa so special is that it is very different from Europe and the USA. Please accept that things do not always happen the way you would normally expect and you must be prepared to adapt your arrangements as necessary. Whilst tour operators make every effort to ensure that your trip goes smoothly it is recommended that you be patient and understanding, accepting a degree of uncertainty and enjoying Africa as it is. 17. Climate. Although local weather conditions vary, the main weather patterns are the same throughout Southern Africa. Evenings and early mornings can get quite chilly, particularly between May and August. October can be extremely hot and humid (although this is the best time for game viewing as animals congregate around the remaining water). The rainy season is normally between November and March. 18. Currency. The local currencies in the major safari destination countries are the Zambian Kwacha, the Botswana Pula, South African Rand, Namibian Dollar, Mozambican Metical and the Zimbabwean Dollar. Tourists are expected to use US Dollars in camps, lodges and hotels. For local shopping for souvenirs and sundries you will need local currency. Banks will generally exchange US Dollars, English Pounds, Euros and US Dollars are required for visas purchased at the border posts (take the correct amount as any change will be given in local currency). In most of these countries, especially Zimbabwe, there are black market currency dealers. Changing currency in the black market is illegal, and you can be robbed of your money and valuables. Always ask your hotel staff about exchanging currency. 19. Time. Zambia, Namibia, Mozambique, Botswana, Zimbabwe and South Africa are all 2 hours ahead of GMT. 20. Memories Get a journal book, camera or camcorder to document your experiences. Happy safari planning and enjoy the unspoiled African wild! Lovemore N’Cube, Travel Consultant Lovemore.ncube@savannasafaris.com http://savannasafaris.blogspot.com/ http://www.savannasafaris.com/
Optical Zoom Versus Digital Zoom
by: Paul Casinelli
A common misconception of digital camcorders is the advertising component known as "total zoom". This is the combination of Optical Zoom + Digital Zoom. It is important to fully understand the values and disadvantages of both types. Selecting a camcorder with a respectably higher optical zoom can lead to more effective video shooting and clearer picture results. It enlarges a picture using the actual lenses. It will allow you to capture a video from a farther distance without losing picture quality. Digital zoom, on the other hand, will allow you to enlarge a picture but consequentially will reduce the overall picture quality. The word Digital refers to enlarging the picture "artificially". It selects the specific area of the picture you would like to capture and enlarges it. It is important to select a digital camcorder that will meet your specific needs. If you are interested in recording videos at a distance such as sporting events or a scenic route, it would be important to own a camcorder that will allow you to capture a clear and concise picture when using the zoom feature. However, if your budget and recording intentions are lower, most zoom capabilities will still be effective. For a selection of affordable digital camcorders that feature both clear picture quality and impressive optical zooming options, visit http://www.camcorderhut.com/Digital_Camcorders.html . It is important to choose a camcorder with large optical zoom, but this is not the only feature that you should consider when purchasing. Be sure to research shooting modes (wide screen or full screen), and other technology available today!
A common misconception of digital camcorders is the advertising component known as "total zoom". This is the combination of Optical Zoom + Digital Zoom. It is important to fully understand the values and disadvantages of both types. Selecting a camcorder with a respectably higher optical zoom can lead to more effective video shooting and clearer picture results. It enlarges a picture using the actual lenses. It will allow you to capture a video from a farther distance without losing picture quality. Digital zoom, on the other hand, will allow you to enlarge a picture but consequentially will reduce the overall picture quality. The word Digital refers to enlarging the picture "artificially". It selects the specific area of the picture you would like to capture and enlarges it. It is important to select a digital camcorder that will meet your specific needs. If you are interested in recording videos at a distance such as sporting events or a scenic route, it would be important to own a camcorder that will allow you to capture a clear and concise picture when using the zoom feature. However, if your budget and recording intentions are lower, most zoom capabilities will still be effective. For a selection of affordable digital camcorders that feature both clear picture quality and impressive optical zooming options, visit http://www.camcorderhut.com/Digital_Camcorders.html . It is important to choose a camcorder with large optical zoom, but this is not the only feature that you should consider when purchasing. Be sure to research shooting modes (wide screen or full screen), and other technology available today!
Common Mistakes In Business Plans
by: The Business Plan Factory
Your business plan is typically the first impression potential lenders of investors get about your business idea. Even with a great product, team, and customers, and you are unable to convey to properly convey your image, it could be the last impression if your plan has some of the following, common mistakes. Lenders and investors review hundreds of business plan every year and with every plan, lenders and investors become more cynical because the same mistakes pop up with regular frequency. With so much competition for a limited amount of capital, it is imperative to not make these mistakes. 1. Financials Unrealistic Financial Projections - Simply saying that you are going to do $100,000 in sales is not enough nor can you simply say there is no way of knowing. Everyone knows there is no way to accurately come up with financial projections over the next three years, especially in a start-up. But, what is required in your plan is that reasonable assumptions are made and supported with research. By incorporating a detailed list of assumptions and how you arrived at your numbers, the lender/investor can judge your analysis and decision making process. If you are projecting to generate high sales outside of industry norms, explaining how you arrived at this conclusion is a must. Lenders and investors have seen many, many plans that claim sales are going through the roof once funded and as a result are very jaded at statements like this. Financial data that is inconsistent with industry averages and overly aggressive sales figures will raise flags. Explain every number. Confusing Cash with Profits - Revenues do not always equal cash. For example, suppose you make a sale this month for $100 that cost $50 to produce. Assuming your buyer doesn’t pay for 30-60 and even 90 days if dealing with state or federal sources (and assuming they all pay), the effect on your cash flow is significant. Suppliers and employees still have to be paid for their work while you are waiting on payment from the buyer. While you may not have a significant portion of sales coming from receivables, the timing of cash flows is critical for developing a financial strategy as cash flow is much more important than profits. Profits are an accounting concept while cash is money in the bank. If you don’t believe me try paying your bills with profits. No Adjustment for Seasonality - All businesses are seasonal to some extent, some more significant than others. Seasonality refers to the percentage of sales that are made in a month. For example, most retailers have huge November and December sales and lousy January and February sales. Did you make enough cash during the good months to cover the slow months to cover salaries, rents and lights? If You Build It They Will Come - Be careful in assuming once your doors open people will be streaming in to buy. You have a new, relatively unheard of business. This is a time when your business is particularly vulnerable as most of new owner’s cash reserves have typically been used to open the store. If sales projections are off during the first couple of months and you don’t have enough working capital to keep the lights on, you may be quickly going out of business. Insufficient financial projections - Basic financial projections consist of four elements: Income Statements, Profit & Loss, Balance Sheets, and Cash Flow Statements. For most businesses a three-year projection is sufficient, but if yours is a capital intensive one and will take longer to show profitability then use five. Actual figures are a must if you can get them and any number in the projections needs to be in the business plan narrative. If you are purchasing an existing business use the historical financials to show support for your sales figures. No Quotes - Any significant expenses should have a quote accompanied in the appendix, especially for construction or remodeling as this is an area where most entrepreneurs slip as they do it themselves and greatly underestimate the costs. 2. Marketing Failing to relieve the customer’s pain - Businesses are rewarded to make consumer’s pain go away. Pain can include; my car stopped working, my doggie is sick or my tax returns are too hard to prepare. If your business plan can’t show how you are relieving the customer’s pain, then the chances for success in the marketplace is extremely limited. Remember pain equals market opportunity. The greater the pain, the greater number of customer’s with this pain and the better you can relieve the pain equals greater market potential. One Billion Customers Served - Claiming everyone needs your product/service will send a strong message to the reviewer that you don’t know your market and remove any credibility to your plan. In the good old days the shotgun approach to marketing could work as there were limited channels for advertisement. Today with unlimited outlets and more narrowly defined markets, this approach does not fly. While it’s true everyone eats, not everyone will eat at your restaurant, nor could you effectively advertise to everyone. By researching the segments that are most likely to use your product/service and showing how your message will get to them will ultimately make your endeavor more successful. Having clearly defined target markets will show you have done your homework and be the cornerstone of a marketing strategy that can succeed. We have no competition - Use this statement if your want your plan rejected. Every business has competition. While there may not be a direct competitor, meaning one that offers the same or similar product, there is always an indirect competitor. Saying there is no competition tells the reviewer that you have either not done any market research or there is not a market for your product. 3. Organization Writing For The Wrong Audience - A plan for a lender should be written differently than one for an investor. Banks are interested in seeing the likelihood that debts be repaid and investors are interested in the upside profit potential. Be sure to write your plan to your audience. For both, keep to the facts, keep it clear and keep it simple. If you don’t feel you have the writing abilities to make your plan shine, then get help. Poor spelling and grammar - Leaving spelling and grammatical errors in your plan only tells the reviewer that you are not paying attention to details and may not pay enough attention to the business. Use spelling and grammar checkers and let others review your plan to make sure there are no errors. Too repetitive - Many times, plans will cover the same points over and over. A well-written plan should cover key points only twice: once in the executive summary then again in greater detail in the narrative of the plan. Remove the Jargon - Using simple language is imperative to getting a technical business funded. Don’t think that by using complex terms that lenders/investors will be so impressed with your knowledge that they will whip open the checkbook. Businesses that can’t be understood don’t get funded. If you can’t explain your business to a sixth grader your chances of funding are in jeopardy. Investors are really only interested in your technology if it solves a problem that people will pay for, is better than the competition, can be protected through patents and can reasonably go to market without spending a lot of money. Keep the technical details out of the business plan and in the white papers. Appearance matters - Make sure your plan looks professional. Use professional printing, binding, keeping fonts consistent and easy to read. The more money being requested means investing more time in making sure your plan will stand out from the crowd. Be careful that you don’t go overboard and give the impression that the plan is all style and no substance. Length - A long business plan does not make a better business plan. All of the industry and marketing research won’t save a flawed plan. Too many plans have been immediately rejected because they are too long. Lenders and investors favor entrepreneurs who can efficiently demonstrate the ability to efficiently get to the point. An executive summary should be no more than 1-3 pages. Ideally it should only be one page but some complex plans require more. An ideal business plan is 20-30 pages, including financials. Remember less is more! Use operating plans, white papers and marketing plans for the in-depth details. Fluffing - Using phrases like "unmatched in the industry;" "narrow window of opportunity;" or "ground floor" are empty phrases filled with hype. If anything, the cynical reviewer will be turned off by the hype and trash your plan. Stick with laying out the facts – what is the problem, how will you solve the problem, how big is the market, how will consumers buy it and what is your competitive advantage. If the opportunity is there the lender/investor will be able to make the decision for themselves. Overvaluing the business idea - What gives a business value is not the idea but the execution of the idea. A great idea is a start, but almost everyone has had a great idea at some point in their lives. How you will execute this idea is what sets apart a real business from the dreamers. 4. Execution Mistakes Waiting too long - Funding a business takes a long time. Expect three months at a minimum after finishing your business plan to get funding. Unless you have sufficient capital, other sources of income and can be funded in-house at a bank, this number may be reduced. Bank financing for business with less than two years of operating history are typically funded through an SBA guarantee, which requires additional time, patience and paperwork. Financing through investors is usually an even longer process as they have a lot of people competing for their money and they tend to do significant due diligence to secure their investment. Waiting until you need the money is a sure way to keep your business from launching. Unreasonable time lines - Many business owners underestimate the timelines for completing milestones. Its human nature to think we can do things faster than is possible. When getting a business started there will be several tasks you could not have anticipated and the some tasks you think will be easy which will end up taking much longer. It is best to overestimate and finish early, rather than scramble and execute your opening poorly. Failing to seek outside review - When preparing your plan, be sure that you have at least a few people review it before sending it out. Preferably look for people in your industry or who have a specialization in sales, distribution, etc that could lend a fresh set of eyes and find any flaws in the plan. Being so close to the action can keep you from being objective and this additional scrutiny may save you countless headaches and money down the road. Perfecting - It can be easy to spend countless hours perfecting your plan and ultimately never launching. Remember, your plan will never be perfect and in practice should be continually updated as you learn more about the business, market and customers. Don’t make your plan an academic practice, finish it and get in front of investors and lenders. Use this feedback to see if your plan really needs the additional perfection.
Your business plan is typically the first impression potential lenders of investors get about your business idea. Even with a great product, team, and customers, and you are unable to convey to properly convey your image, it could be the last impression if your plan has some of the following, common mistakes. Lenders and investors review hundreds of business plan every year and with every plan, lenders and investors become more cynical because the same mistakes pop up with regular frequency. With so much competition for a limited amount of capital, it is imperative to not make these mistakes. 1. Financials Unrealistic Financial Projections - Simply saying that you are going to do $100,000 in sales is not enough nor can you simply say there is no way of knowing. Everyone knows there is no way to accurately come up with financial projections over the next three years, especially in a start-up. But, what is required in your plan is that reasonable assumptions are made and supported with research. By incorporating a detailed list of assumptions and how you arrived at your numbers, the lender/investor can judge your analysis and decision making process. If you are projecting to generate high sales outside of industry norms, explaining how you arrived at this conclusion is a must. Lenders and investors have seen many, many plans that claim sales are going through the roof once funded and as a result are very jaded at statements like this. Financial data that is inconsistent with industry averages and overly aggressive sales figures will raise flags. Explain every number. Confusing Cash with Profits - Revenues do not always equal cash. For example, suppose you make a sale this month for $100 that cost $50 to produce. Assuming your buyer doesn’t pay for 30-60 and even 90 days if dealing with state or federal sources (and assuming they all pay), the effect on your cash flow is significant. Suppliers and employees still have to be paid for their work while you are waiting on payment from the buyer. While you may not have a significant portion of sales coming from receivables, the timing of cash flows is critical for developing a financial strategy as cash flow is much more important than profits. Profits are an accounting concept while cash is money in the bank. If you don’t believe me try paying your bills with profits. No Adjustment for Seasonality - All businesses are seasonal to some extent, some more significant than others. Seasonality refers to the percentage of sales that are made in a month. For example, most retailers have huge November and December sales and lousy January and February sales. Did you make enough cash during the good months to cover the slow months to cover salaries, rents and lights? If You Build It They Will Come - Be careful in assuming once your doors open people will be streaming in to buy. You have a new, relatively unheard of business. This is a time when your business is particularly vulnerable as most of new owner’s cash reserves have typically been used to open the store. If sales projections are off during the first couple of months and you don’t have enough working capital to keep the lights on, you may be quickly going out of business. Insufficient financial projections - Basic financial projections consist of four elements: Income Statements, Profit & Loss, Balance Sheets, and Cash Flow Statements. For most businesses a three-year projection is sufficient, but if yours is a capital intensive one and will take longer to show profitability then use five. Actual figures are a must if you can get them and any number in the projections needs to be in the business plan narrative. If you are purchasing an existing business use the historical financials to show support for your sales figures. No Quotes - Any significant expenses should have a quote accompanied in the appendix, especially for construction or remodeling as this is an area where most entrepreneurs slip as they do it themselves and greatly underestimate the costs. 2. Marketing Failing to relieve the customer’s pain - Businesses are rewarded to make consumer’s pain go away. Pain can include; my car stopped working, my doggie is sick or my tax returns are too hard to prepare. If your business plan can’t show how you are relieving the customer’s pain, then the chances for success in the marketplace is extremely limited. Remember pain equals market opportunity. The greater the pain, the greater number of customer’s with this pain and the better you can relieve the pain equals greater market potential. One Billion Customers Served - Claiming everyone needs your product/service will send a strong message to the reviewer that you don’t know your market and remove any credibility to your plan. In the good old days the shotgun approach to marketing could work as there were limited channels for advertisement. Today with unlimited outlets and more narrowly defined markets, this approach does not fly. While it’s true everyone eats, not everyone will eat at your restaurant, nor could you effectively advertise to everyone. By researching the segments that are most likely to use your product/service and showing how your message will get to them will ultimately make your endeavor more successful. Having clearly defined target markets will show you have done your homework and be the cornerstone of a marketing strategy that can succeed. We have no competition - Use this statement if your want your plan rejected. Every business has competition. While there may not be a direct competitor, meaning one that offers the same or similar product, there is always an indirect competitor. Saying there is no competition tells the reviewer that you have either not done any market research or there is not a market for your product. 3. Organization Writing For The Wrong Audience - A plan for a lender should be written differently than one for an investor. Banks are interested in seeing the likelihood that debts be repaid and investors are interested in the upside profit potential. Be sure to write your plan to your audience. For both, keep to the facts, keep it clear and keep it simple. If you don’t feel you have the writing abilities to make your plan shine, then get help. Poor spelling and grammar - Leaving spelling and grammatical errors in your plan only tells the reviewer that you are not paying attention to details and may not pay enough attention to the business. Use spelling and grammar checkers and let others review your plan to make sure there are no errors. Too repetitive - Many times, plans will cover the same points over and over. A well-written plan should cover key points only twice: once in the executive summary then again in greater detail in the narrative of the plan. Remove the Jargon - Using simple language is imperative to getting a technical business funded. Don’t think that by using complex terms that lenders/investors will be so impressed with your knowledge that they will whip open the checkbook. Businesses that can’t be understood don’t get funded. If you can’t explain your business to a sixth grader your chances of funding are in jeopardy. Investors are really only interested in your technology if it solves a problem that people will pay for, is better than the competition, can be protected through patents and can reasonably go to market without spending a lot of money. Keep the technical details out of the business plan and in the white papers. Appearance matters - Make sure your plan looks professional. Use professional printing, binding, keeping fonts consistent and easy to read. The more money being requested means investing more time in making sure your plan will stand out from the crowd. Be careful that you don’t go overboard and give the impression that the plan is all style and no substance. Length - A long business plan does not make a better business plan. All of the industry and marketing research won’t save a flawed plan. Too many plans have been immediately rejected because they are too long. Lenders and investors favor entrepreneurs who can efficiently demonstrate the ability to efficiently get to the point. An executive summary should be no more than 1-3 pages. Ideally it should only be one page but some complex plans require more. An ideal business plan is 20-30 pages, including financials. Remember less is more! Use operating plans, white papers and marketing plans for the in-depth details. Fluffing - Using phrases like "unmatched in the industry;" "narrow window of opportunity;" or "ground floor" are empty phrases filled with hype. If anything, the cynical reviewer will be turned off by the hype and trash your plan. Stick with laying out the facts – what is the problem, how will you solve the problem, how big is the market, how will consumers buy it and what is your competitive advantage. If the opportunity is there the lender/investor will be able to make the decision for themselves. Overvaluing the business idea - What gives a business value is not the idea but the execution of the idea. A great idea is a start, but almost everyone has had a great idea at some point in their lives. How you will execute this idea is what sets apart a real business from the dreamers. 4. Execution Mistakes Waiting too long - Funding a business takes a long time. Expect three months at a minimum after finishing your business plan to get funding. Unless you have sufficient capital, other sources of income and can be funded in-house at a bank, this number may be reduced. Bank financing for business with less than two years of operating history are typically funded through an SBA guarantee, which requires additional time, patience and paperwork. Financing through investors is usually an even longer process as they have a lot of people competing for their money and they tend to do significant due diligence to secure their investment. Waiting until you need the money is a sure way to keep your business from launching. Unreasonable time lines - Many business owners underestimate the timelines for completing milestones. Its human nature to think we can do things faster than is possible. When getting a business started there will be several tasks you could not have anticipated and the some tasks you think will be easy which will end up taking much longer. It is best to overestimate and finish early, rather than scramble and execute your opening poorly. Failing to seek outside review - When preparing your plan, be sure that you have at least a few people review it before sending it out. Preferably look for people in your industry or who have a specialization in sales, distribution, etc that could lend a fresh set of eyes and find any flaws in the plan. Being so close to the action can keep you from being objective and this additional scrutiny may save you countless headaches and money down the road. Perfecting - It can be easy to spend countless hours perfecting your plan and ultimately never launching. Remember, your plan will never be perfect and in practice should be continually updated as you learn more about the business, market and customers. Don’t make your plan an academic practice, finish it and get in front of investors and lenders. Use this feedback to see if your plan really needs the additional perfection.
How Do I Get My Business On The Internet?
This is one of the most frequently asked questions by small business owners. They are feeling the pressure from their customers and competitors, yet for many business people it is a daunting task, as they don't understand the whole process. In fact, many people are even asking the question whether they should have a website. Whether you are a consultant, florist, designer, builder, architect or a doctor, consider the many advantages a website provides: 1. Make money - Set up an on-line store or get paid for advertising from other companies 2. Save money on advertising - Instead of paying for large ads, simply advertise your website 3. Be flexible in your message - Change the content as your business changes. No need to re-print expensive brochures. 4. Exposure to new customers - You will reach more local clients as well as interstate and global markets 5. Having more professional image - Keep up with the times and your competitors 6. Save time - Don’t spend hours on the phone, direct customers to your website 7. Keep your business open 24/7 - Provide customers information when THEY need it. If you don’t, someone else will. So what does it really take to get your website set up? Step 1 - Register your domain name OR not. The big question is whether you need to register a domain name or not. The simple answer is NO, but a better answer is YES it is a good idea. What is a domain name? The purpose of a domain name is similar to that of a street address or telephone number. The domain name directs customers to you on the Internet. The domain by itself is not your email or web address. The domain does form the base from which these addresses are derived. For example: Company Name: QikPhone Domain Name: qikphone.com.au Web Address: www.qikphone.com.au Email Address: sales@qikphone.com Do I need to register a domain name to have a website? NO, you don't need to have your own domain name. Your website can be created and hosted without it. Your website address will look something like this: www.web4business.com.au/JBCleaning OR www.ozemail.com.au/~JBCleaning The only advantage of not registering a domain name is that you will save yourself a few dollars. The disadvantages of NOT having your domain name include: 1. If you decide to change your Webhosting company or if that company goes out of business, you will lose your website address. Your website can be transferred to a new company, but your address will change. And that means re-printing stationery and re-doing all your advertising, notifying all your customers etc. 2. Website addresses that contain information other than your company name are long and hard to remember and do not appear as professional. Compare these two and see which one you are more likely to remember: www.ozemail.com.au/~JBCleaning OR www.JBCleaning.com.au So it is a good idea to register a domain name, even if it is just to protect yourself for the future. Say for example, your business name is JB Cleaning and you decide not to register your domain name for now. Along comes Joe Bloggs who opens his own cleaning business and registers JBCleaning.com.au domain name. After a year you decide you want to have your own domain name, but since Joe Bloggs already owns it, you won't be able to register it. Not to mention your customers who know your business as JB Cleaning may visit his website, thinking it's your web address and instead hire Joe Bloggs Cleaning. Step 2 - Plan your website. Planning your website is a two part process: (a) Decide on the website design (colour schemes, buttons, special effects etc). This is your website designer's job. However, you may have a preference for a certain colour or look. To help you choose a design, you may wish to check out other people's websites or work with your web designer's pre-set templates. (b) The content. There are many items you may wish to include on your website. The most common ones include: 1 Product/Service Details 2. Contact Information 3. Pricing 4. Testimonials 5. Frequently Asked Questions 6. Response Form, such as "Join Mailing List" 7. On-line Magazine or Newsletter 8. Resources & Articles 9. Guarantee 10. Survey 11. Events Calender 12. Search My Website Form 13. Refund Policy 14. Privacy Policy 15. About Us Information 16. Site Map 17. Copyright information 18. Useful Links 19. Media Information 20. On-line store 21. News 22. Directions to Your Bricks & Mortar Premises Step 3 - Choose a Web Hosting Company. What is a Web hosting Company? A webhost is a company that provides server space for your website. You can think of a web host as a commercial building. The web host provides space for your website just as a commercial building provides space for your shop or office. You can build your own building and you can host your own website, but because of the cost and expertise required it is easier to rent the space. Which Company Should I Choose? Webhosting companies are not created equal so you need to take a number of things into account when selecting one. A proven track record, experience and reliability form the foundation of any successful business partnership. Some of the issues you should consider when choosing a webhosting company include: 1. Support - Does it provide comprehensive Technical Support - 24 hours a day, seven days a week? 2. Reliability - Does it have multiple large-scale links to the internet to provide a fail-safe path to your customers from anywhere in the world? 3. Security - Does it have a robust security system that minimises risk of web site intrusion? 4. State-of-the-art - Does the company utilises leading edge technology and is supported by a large-scale uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. 5. Scalability - Does the product range and services offered allow your business to grow without impediment by making it easy to upgrade and add components to existing product levels. Step 4 - Getting people to your site. The marketing of your website is important if you want to draw visitors to your site. If you don't promote your website no-one will ever see it. There are a number of different ways of advertising your website. The best strategy is one, which integrates your existing promotion methods with your website. 1. Office Stationery - Including your web address and email address on your stationery is probably the easiest way to draw attention to your site. It's cost effective and gets your Internet presence out there in the market place. 2. Business Cards - When printing business cards you should include the individual's email address and main address of your website. 3. Radio Advertising - Radio Advertising should include your web address. Don't include the http://, try "Visit us on the internet at w-w-w-dot-qikphone-dot-com-dot-au". If your budget is limited, you may wish to consider community radios. 4. Email and Mail-Outs - Let your current customers know the details of your website. You can either send them an email or a letter/postcard. Keep your website's content up-to-date and they will keep coming back! 5. Print Media - Print advertising should include a generic email address for the company and include your website address. Normally positioned at the bottom right or bottom centre of your advertisement. 6. Search Engines & Directories - People looking for your website who don't know the URL are most likely to use an on-line search engine to look for your organisation or the kind of products and services you offer. There are over 300 major search engines and directories, but you should concentrate on the larger, more commonly used ones. These include: Google, Yahoo, Altavista, Anzwers, Inktomi, Infoseek, Lycos, Excite, HotBot, MSN, Dogpile, AllTheWeb etc. 7. Links from other websites - A good way to attract visitors to your site is through the use of hyperlinks placed on other sites. If you know of another site which has a list of links and you think your website would be a good addition, let the website owner know. You might also offer to provide a link from your site back to the other site. This will encourage the webmaster to include your site. You should also seek out partners for trading links including vendors, suppliers and providers of complimentary products. 8. Link Exchange - Another way to getting a link is through a system called Link Exchange, a free public service designed to help websites advertise each other. With Link Exchange, you agree to display advertising banners for other Link Exchange members and they agree to display banners for you. The System is automatic, you simply add a piece of HTML code to your web page and Link Exchange will display an advertisement for another website. The disadvantage with Link Exchange is that you don't get any control as to where your banner ad appears or the type of banner ads that will appear on your website. It is not possible to guarantee that a competitor of yours may have their banner ad displayed on your site. 9. Paid Banner Advertising/Affiliate Marketing Programs - Various sites give you the opportunity to purchase banner advertising on their site. Some sites will charge you a flat monthly fee while other sites will charge you based on the number of people who see your ad. For more information about marketing your website read "30 ways to promote your website on a shoestring budget" http://www.websites4smallbusiness.com.au/ArticlesIK30waystopromote.htm Step 5 - Monitor your site's statistics Your website's statistics should show who visits your website, where in the world they come from, how they are finding your site and what pages are being viewed. Knowing your customers is the first step in effective marketing. Most webhosting companies will provide access to this information free of charge. Step 6 - Maintaining your website It is important to update your website regularly to keep your customers interested. One of the great advantages of having a website is that you can change its content virtually overnight at minimal cost (unlike re-printing brochures and flyers). This is just a brief overview of the process involved in getting your website up and running. In future articles we will cover each step in more detail. For more information about getting your business on the internet you may also wish to check out: Frequently Asked Questions About Websites http://www.websites4smallbusiness.com.au/ArticlesIKFAQsreWebsites.htm 10 Tips for Planning an Outstanding Website http://www.websites4smallbusiness.com.au/ArticlesIK10TipsforPlanning.htm 8 Tips for Designing a Great Website http://www.websites4smallbusiness.com.au/ArticlesIK8TipsforDesigning.htm
About The Author
Ivana Katz is the owner of Websites 4 Small Business, a company specialising in the design & promotion of growing, small and home-based business websites. She believes every business deserves to have a successful website. http://www.web4business.com.au
About The Author
Ivana Katz is the owner of Websites 4 Small Business, a company specialising in the design & promotion of growing, small and home-based business websites. She believes every business deserves to have a successful website. http://www.web4business.com.au
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